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The Color of Art: Pigment Yellow, PY
Artist's Paint and Pigments Reference, Color Index Names: Color index Number and Pigment Chemical Composition

	Yellow	Orange	Red	Violet	Blue	Green	Brown	Black	White	Misc.	Pigment Main
	Yellow	Orange	Red	Violet	Blue	Green	Brown	Black	White	Misc.	Quick Index

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Where applicable, clicking on the artist paint or pigment company code next to the pigments name will take you off site where more information can be found on the artist color. See the Key at the bottom of this page for all the art supply or pigment company codes. The links lead to an art materials supplier, In most cases more specific art medium or paint binder info, pigment properties, pigment history and MSDS sheets. Along with more info, special discounts or sales are often available.
Medium/binder codes in italics mean the pigment under that name is in the economy grade, not the "artist's" premium paint. see the Key for art material code.

Yellow

Jump to CI Pigment Yellow Number:

NY 2, NY 3, NY 6, NY 9. NY 11, NY 13, NY 20, NY 24,
PY 1, PY 1:1, PY 2, PY 3, PY 4, PY 5, PY 6, PY 9, PY 10, PY 12. PY 13, PY 14, PY 16, PY 17, PY 21, PY 24, PY 30, PY 31, PY 32, PY 33, PY 34, PY 34:1, PY 35, PY 35:1, PY 36, PY 36:1, PY 37, PY 37:1, PY 38, PY 39, PY 39, PY 40, PY 41, PY 42, PY 43 PY44, PY45, PY 46, PY 47, PY 48, PY 53, PY 55, PY 61, PY 62, PY 62:1, PY 63, PY 65, PY 73, PY 74, PY 75, PY 77, PY 81, PY 83, PY 87, PY 93, PY 94, PY 95, PY 97, PY 98, PY 100, PY 101, PY 104, PY 105, PY 108, PY 109, PY 110, PY 111, PY 112, PY 113, PY 115, PY 116. PY 117, PY 118, PY 119, PY 120, PY 126, PY 127, PY 127:1, PY 128, PY 129, PY 130, PY 133, PY 134, PY 136, PY 137, PY138, PY 139, PY 147, PY 148, PY 150, PY 151, PY 152, PY 153, PY 154, PY 155, PY 156, PY PY 172, PY 173, PY 174, PY 175, PY 176, PY 179, PY 180, PY 181, PY 182, PY 183, PY 184, PY 185, PY 188, PY 189, PY 190, PY 191, PY 191:1, PY 192, PY 193. PY 194, PY 200, PY 203, PY 204, PY 207, PY 216, PY 219, PY 223, PY 224, PY 226, NEW!: PY227
Bile Yellow; Jarosite; Lead-Tin Antimony Yellow; Lead-tin Yellow, type I; Lead-tin yellow, type II; Limonite; Mori Yellow; Basic Mercury Sulfate; Pararealgar; Platina Yellow; Safflower; Tungsten Yellow

Historic Yellow Pigments without Color Index Names
Historic Yellow Pigments Without C.I. Names | CI Natural Yellow | CI Pigment Yellow | | Top ^

Color Index Name Code

CI Pigment Name

Common, Historic and Marketing Names

C.I.
Number
#

Chemical Composition

Color Description
†Long Term Effects of Light

Opacity

Light
Fastness

Oil Ab.
Oil Absorption

Side Notes

N/A

Bile Yellow

Bile Yellow;
Lombard Gold

N/A

Fish bile or gall stones, chalk, & vinegar

N/A

Cerium Yellow

Cerium Oxide;
Cerium Sesquioxide;
Cerium Yellow;

77280

Cerium oxide?(Ref Color index 3rd Ed., V.4, Inorganic colorants CI 77280); (Ref Pigment Compendium, 2008, p.96);
Cerium(III) oxide?; Cerium sesquioxide (Ref wikipedia)

Cerium oxide:
CAS 1306-38-3
Cerium(III) oxide:
CAS 1345-13-7

Pale yellow to orange yellow

N/A

Jarosite

Antunesite;
Antunesita;
Antunezit;
Antunezita;
Antunezite;
Antunit;
Gelbeisenerz;
Gelbeisenerz (of Hausmann);
Jarosit;
Jarosita;
Jarosite [GEN | KP.p | NP.p];
Jarosite (of Breithaupt);
Leucanterit;
Leucanterita;
Leucanterite;
Vitriolgelb;
Yellow Jarosite [GEN | NP.p]

N/A

Natural yellow mineral of Potassium Iron Sulfate Hydroxide (Ref), (Ref webmineral), (Ref wikipedia)

CAS 12207-14-6

Pale reddish Yellow

A
MSDS

"jarosite is resistant to atmospheric gases, is lightfast and possess good hiding power" (Ref Natural Pigments);

Found on Mars (Ref skyandtelescope.com)

N/A

Lead-Tin Antimony Yellow

N/A

Ternary (composed of three items) oxide of lead, tin and antimony;

ARTIFICAL YELLOW PIGMENTS, A study of lead, tin and antimony based yellow pigments PDF.

Reddish Yellow

Differs from Naples yellow which is pure lead antimonate (Ref northernlightstudio.com);

Contains lead; may darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide;

N/A

Lead-tin Yellow, type 1

Jaune de plomb étain;
Lead Stannate;
Lead Tin Orange [NP.o.p];
Lead Tin Oxide;
Lead-tin Yellow;
Lead-tin Yellow Lemon (type I) [NP.p];
Lead-tin Yellow Light (type I) [KP.p | NP.p];
Lead-tin Yellow (type I) [GEN | KP.p | NP.p]

77629

Lead stannate, prepared from a heated mixture of lead dioxide with tin dioxide; Lead-tin oxide; (Ref NP);

Lead-tin yellow (Ref info at MFA Boston);

ARTIFICAL YELLOW PIGMENTS, A study of lead, tin and antimony based yellow pigments PDF.

CAS 12143-43-0
CAS 12036-31-6

Light bright yellow

16-25

Contains lead; may darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide; (Ref naturalpigments.com)

N/A

Lead-tin yellow, type 2

Lead-tin Yellow,
Lead-tin Yellow Dark (type II); [NP.p];
Lead-tin Yellow Deep [KP.p];
Lead-tin Yellow (type II) [GEN | KP.p]

77629

Lead-tin oxide with tin oxide and silicon;
Lead-Tin Oxide Silicate;
Made by fusing lead, tin, and quartz.; (Ref NP);

Lead-tin yellow (Ref info at MFA Boston);

ARTIFICAL YELLOW PIGMENTS, A study of lead, tin and antimony based yellow pigments PDF.

Making pigment lead-tin yellow type II at webexhibits.org

CAS 12143-43-0;
CAS 8012-00-8

Redder and deeper than type 1

16-25

C
MSDS

Contains lead; may darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide

N/A

Limonite

Bog Ore;
Brown Hematite;
Brown Ocher;
Eisenoxyd-Hydrat
Ferrite (of Vogelsang);
Ferrohydrite;
Ferrum Limosum;
Gel-goethite;
Hydroferrite;
Hydrosiderite;
Hyposiderite;
Limonite [NP.p];
Marsh Ore;
Meadow Ore;
Morasterz;
Ochre;
Ortstein;
Pecheisenstein;
Perlimonite;
Pigment Yellow 43;
Raseneisenstein;
Seeerz;
Sumpferz;
Umber;
Yellow Ocher

77492

Natural mineral Iron Oxide Hydroxide; (Ref and Pic mindat.org); (Ref NP)

Light brown to dull light reddish yellow

N/A

Mori Yellow

Mori Yellow [KP.p];
Yellow Marble;
Yellow Marble Dust

N/A

Powdered yellow marble; Mostly Calcium carbonate with ochre and other mineral impurites

Light brownish Yellow

1-4*

*depends on binder medium

N/A

Basic Mercury Sulfate

Basic Mercury Sulfate;
Basic Sulfate of Mercury;
Mercury Sulfate;
Mercury Yellow;
Queen’s Yellow;
Turbith Mineral;
Turbith Minerall;
Turpeth Mineral;
Turpith Mineral;

N/A

Mercury Oxide Sulfate or Basic Mercury Sulfate;
Created by calcining at high temperature a mixture of mercury (quicksilver) and sulfuric acid (oil of vitriol) in equal amounts in a retort, until a white mass has condensed at the bottom. It is then cooled, the retort broken open and the white mass powdered. It acquires it's yellow color after pouring water on the powder and grinding. Afterwards, it is washed, levigated and dried (Reference recipe by Robert Dossie Handmaid to the Arts, by 1764 pg. 100-01)

Bright true yellow

Once used as an emetic

N/A

Pararealgar

Arsenic Sulphide;
Pararealgar

N/A

A form of Arsenic Sulphide created by exposing realgar to the sun; (Ref CAMEO, Fine Arts Boston); (Mindat Ref); (Webmineral.com Ref)

Bright Reddish yellow

Found in ancient Byzantine manuscripts (Ref); (Ref); Otherwise it is usually the unwanted effect of exposing Realgar to strong light.;
(American Mineralogist, Vol. 77 article in PDF format)

N/A

Platina Yellow

Lemon Yellow;
Platina Yellow;

N/A

Made from Platinum;

Potassium Chloroplatinate; Platinum (IV) Potassium Chloride; Potassium Platinichloride (Ref MFA Boston);
Potassium hexachloroplatinate;
Dipotassium platinum hexachloride; (Ref Chembook);
Potassium platinic chloride
(Pic);

CAS 16921-30-5

Orange to yellow*

C
MSDS

Reference from Chromatography by George Field;

* Color depends on how finely it is ground in artists paint.;

N/A

Safflower

Dyer's Thistle;
Safflower;
Safflower Yellow

N/A

Made from the Feverfew safflower petal (Carthamus tincrorius L.)

Red-Brownish Yellow

III

Used as a substitute or adulterant of saffron; water soluble; Used as food coloring

N/A

Tungsten Yellow

Artificial Scheelite;
Calcium Wolframate;
Giallo di Tungsteno;
Jaune Minéral;
Mineralgelb;
Mineral Yellow;
Scheelite*;
Tungsten Yellow;
Wolframgelb;
Wolfram Yellow;
Yellow Mineral

77250

Calcium tungstate;
Tungsten yellow CaWO4, is a deep lemon-colored powder. Create the pigment by grinding the fine metallic tungsten powder with fused potassium carbonate. (Ref A Treatise on Colour Manufacture: By Georg Zerr, Robert Rübencamp, 1908, pg.155)

* Scheelite is the natural mineral (Ref Mineral at mindat.org); (Reference pictures at worldofrockhounds.com);

CAS 7790-75-2

Deep lemon yellow

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CI Natural Yellow
Historic Yellow Pigments Without C.I. Names | CI Natural Yellow | CI Pigment Yellow |

| Top ^

Color Index Name Code

CI Pigment Name

Common, Historic and Marketing Names

C.I.
Number
#

Chemical Composition

Color Description
†Long Term Effects of Light

Opacity

Light
Fastness

Oil Ab.
Oil Absorption

Side Notes

NY2

Reseda

Anatolian Reseda lutea;
C.I. Natural Yellow 2;
Natural Yellow 2;
Reseda;
Reseda Lemon [KP.p]

75580;
75590

Lake pigment, produced from weld (Ref) (Reseda Luteola L.)(Ref); (Pic);
apigenin:
CAS 520-36-5;
luteolin:
CAS 491-70-3

Lemon Yellow

NY3

Curcumin

C.I. Natural Yellow 3;
Curcumin;
Natural Yellow 3;
Terra Merita;
Turmeric;
Turmeric Root [KP.p]
Turmeric Powder [KP.p];
Turmeric Yellow

75300

Diferuloylmethane from the root of Curcuma Longa, C. Tinctoria, C. Rotunda, C. Vididiflora.; demethoxy curcumin, bisdemethoxy curcumin Methane dyes;
(Ref Natural Pigments Blog);

CAS 91884-86-5
CAS 458-37-7

Bright reddish yellow

III

Mustard coloring

NY6

Saffron

African Saffron;
C.I. Natural Yellow 6;
Saffron;
Natural Yellow 6;
Wild Saffron

75140
75100

Color dye extracted from the stigmas Crocus Sativa then precipitated onto lake base; A kilogram of saffron requires 20,000 flowers (Ref).

Bright orange yellow

Fades completely; Recommended only for books were it would rarely be exposed to light or temporary illustration.

NY9

Quercitron Lake

C.I. Natural Yellow 9;
Gallstone;
Natural Yellow 9;
Quercitron Lake

Laked extract from the bark of Oak, or oxgall

NY11

Fustik

C.I. Natural Yellow 11;
Dyer´s mulberry;
Gelbholz;
Extract of Fustik [KP.p];
Fustik;
Fustiikki;
Gelbholz;
Geschnitten;
Keltapuu;
Old Fustik;
Moriini Morin;
Natural Yellow 11;
Natural Yellow Wood [KP.p]
Yellow Wood

75240

Made from the heartwood of dyer's mulberry, a tropical tree of the Mulberry family Chlorophora tinctoria, or Maclura tinctoria (Ref Kremer Pigment)

Greenish yellow-brown to orangish yellow

III

NY13

Stil de Grain

Brown Lake;
Brown Pink;
Brown Stil de Grain;
Buckthorn Lake;
C.I. Natural Yellow 13;
Citrine Lake;
Dutch Pink;
English Pink;
English Stil de Grain;
Italian pink;
Natural Green 2
Natural Yellow 13;
Persian Lake;
Persian Berry Lake;
Pink**;
Quercitron Lake;
Rhamno lake;
Rhamnin;
Spincervino lake;
Stil de Grain[GEN | KP.p];
Stil de Grain Brown;
Stil de grain E [KP.p];
Stil de grain lake;
Stil de Grain light [KP.p];
Stil de Grain, Schützenberger [KP.p];
Turkey Berries;
Yellow Berries;
Yellow Carmine;
Yellow Lake;
Yellow Stil de Grain;

see Sap Green NG2

75640;
75710;
75700

Laked extract of unripe Buckthorn Berries (Rhamnus catharticus), sap green (NG2) is made from ripe berries;

(17th Century Palettes: Stil de grain Ref @ Natural Pigments Blog);

Quercitron (Quercitrin):
CAS 522-12-3
Rhamnetin:
CAS 90-19-7;
Xanthorhamnin:
CAS 1324-63-6;
Rhamnazin:
CAS 552-54-5

Yellow brown

III

A
MSDS
MSDS

Color depends on ripeness of the berries and precipitant; Deep yellow lake on alum and yellow brown on carbonates (Reference: A practical treatise on the manufacture of colors for painting, 1874, also see the Free Art Books page under Pigments, Art Conservation and Art Materials.)

** Pink in this sense reffers to a yellow pigment based on natural yellow dyes, usually the lake of an extract from Buckthorn Berries, but may have been used for other dyes based on Quercitron. The word pink came into use during the sixteenth century; According to the 2008 version of the Pigment Compendium, "there is speculation that because of the yellow color, it is derived from the German "pinkeln" translated in a dictionary of 1798 (by Adelung and Schwann) as ‘to piss, to make water’." (Reference Pigment Compendium, 2008, by Nicholas Eastaugh, Valentine Walsh, Tracey Chaplin and Ruth Siddall)

NY20

Indian Yellow

Amarillo Indian;
Camel's Urine;
C.I. Natural Yellow 20;
Euxanthin;
Euxanthine;
Gaugoli;
Giallo Indiano;
Gogili;
Hardwari Peori;
Indian Yellow [GEN];
Indischgelb;
Jaune Indien;
Jaune Indien purifié;
Monghyr;
Natural Yellow 20;
Peoli;
Peori;
Pioury;
Piuri;
Purrea arabicu;
Purreie acid;
Purree;
Purée of India;
Snowshoe Yellow;

75320

Extracted from urine of cows fed mango leaves?** (Reference Indian Yellow at Pigments through the ages);

Euxanthic (purreic) acid (Reference Examination of a yellow substance from India called Purree, from which the pigment called Indian Yellow is manufactured. By John Stenhouse, Ph.D.);
Euxanthone;
Calcium salts and magnesium euxanthate*** (compare PY108 Anthrapyrimidine Yellow) (Ref)

Bright reddish yellow

II?*

* Untested by ASTM, reported by some sources to be a highly lightfast pigment (Ref).

** Urine of cows origin Questioned (Ref Color: a natural history of the palette By Victoria Finlay), (Ref wikipedia);

If Indian yellow did come from cows urine, the common claim that they were cruelly "force fed" mango leaves is probably false. Mango Leaves are high in minerals, vitamins and protein and also anti-viral and antibacterial. Mango leaves may have been a perfect feed for cattle and not "cruel" at all (Ref), (Ref), (Ref), (Ref),

"Mangos grow well in pastures, although cattle will graze off lower leaves. It is necessary to fence off young trees for the first 3–4 years to protect them from livestock.", In other words the Mango leaves need to be protected from the cattle, becuase the cattle love them! (Ref p.16 of Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry: Mangifera indica (mango)),
The normal diet of cattle is leaves and grasses, mango leaves may have been just fine for feed or as a supplement to their normal food.

***Daniel Smith has a waterbase paint containing magnesium euxanthate as the pigment (Ref).

NY24

Gamboge

Cadie Gum;
Camboge;
Cambogia;
Camborge;
C.I. Natural Yellow 24;
Drop Gum;
Gamboage;
Gamboge [GEN | KP.p];
Gamboge Genuine [WNd];
Gamboge, powder [KP.p];
Cambadium;
Cambogium;
Gambodium;
Gambogium;
Gomma Gutti;
Gum Gamboge Powder;
Gum Gutte;
Gutta gamba;
Natural Gamboge;
Natural Yellow 24;
Pipe Gamboge [KP.p];
Rattan Yellow;
Tom Rong;
Wisteria Yellow

Resin extract from the Garcinia hanburyi tree;
(Ref wikipedia);

CAS 9000-25-3

Bright deep yellow to dullish yellow orange pigment;

†Fades

C**
MSDS

Fades completely; Recommended only for books were it would rarely be exposed to light or temporary illustration.

** Ingesting 7 grams or more is poisonous, But in very small doses it is sometimes used as a Herbal hydragogue cathartic. (Ref);

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CI Pigment Yellow
Historic Yellow Pigments Without C.I. Names | CI Natural Yellow | CI Pigment Yellow | | Top ^

Color Index Name Code

CI Pigment Name

Common, Historic and Marketing Names

C.I.
Number
#

Chemical Composition

Color Description
†Long Term Effects of Light

Opacity

Light
Fastness

Oil Ab.
Oil Absorption

Side Notes

PY1

Hansa Yellow G

Arylide yellow G;
Azo Yellow Orange [WNd];
Blockx Yellow [BXd];
Brilliant Yellow;
Brilliant Yellow Pale;
Cadmium Orange Hue [UT.a];
Cadmium Yellow (hue);
Cadmium Yellow Hue [PFd];
Cadmium Yellow Light Hue [MR.o | LK];
Cadmium Yellow Medium Substitute;
Chrome Lemon (hue);
C.I. Pigment Yellow 1;
Hansa Yellow G [GEN];
Helio Genuine yellow Light [LKd];
Helio Yellow;
Helio Genuine Yellow Light [LK.wd];
Lemon Yellow;
Light Fast Yellow G;
London Yellow [WNd];
Monoazo Yellow;
Monolite Yellow G;
Permanent Yellow [HO.g];
Permanent Yellow Deep [HO.g];
Permanent Yellow Lemon [MA.o(artis)];
Permanent Yellow Light [MA.p];
Permanent Yellow Medium [WL.od];
Pigment Yellow 1;
Pigment Yellow G;
Primary Yellow [SE.os];
Spectrum Yellow [WN.g];
Yellow [HO.a];
Yellow Lake [MH.o]

11680

Monoazo ; Arylamide;

CAS 2512-29-0

Bright Light Medium to reddish Yellow;

†Darkens in masstone, fades in tints (Ref handprint)

2-3

II-III*

32-40

A
MSDS

One of the first modern bright yellow azo pigments in artist's paints, introduced in Germany in 1911 (Ref PCImag).;

* ASTM II some manfacturer literature and other tests put it at only 5-6 blue wool scale in tints. May be best to avoid, PY 154 is simular shade and more lightfast (Ref handprint)

PY1:1

Monolite Yellow G

Cadmium Yellow Deep (hue);
Cadmium Yellow Orange Hue
[SE.o.o];
Chrome yellow (hue);
C.I. Pigment Yellow 1:1;
Eljon Yellow 2R;
Hansa Yellow;
Helios Orange [GU];
Monolite Yellow G;
Permanent Yellow Deep;
Pigment Yellow 1:1;
Yellow Lake Deep [MH.o]

11680:1

Monoazo ;
Arylamide;

CAS 12240-03-8

Bright Light Medium to deep Yellow*

* Usually slightly redder than PY1;
Probably suffers the same poor light fastness of PY1

PY2

Hansa Yellow GR

C.I. Pigment Yellow 2;
Hansa Yellow GR;
Pigment Yellow 2

11730

Monoazo ;
Arylamide;

CAS 6486-26-6

Bright yellow

PY3

Hansa Yellow 10G

11710

Organic;
Monoazo; Arylamide;

CAS 6486-23-3

Bright light lemon yellow; Green undertone;

†Darkens, fades Hue shift towards brown

I-II**

A
MSDS

PY 97 or PY 154 are simular and more lightfast, PY175 is a nice lemon yellow too.

*?According to the MSDS Sheet, Utrecht Artists' Watercolor Paint "Lemon Yellow" is PY3. There is a typo on the website indicating it is PY37, judging by the price and that, according to the website, it's a series 4 color it is more likely PY37?

** ASTM I (Color Index third ed), many paint suppliers put it at a II (very good) and lightfastness may be even lower in tints. In watercolor some brands perform even worst (Ref see PY3 at handprint.com)

PY4

Arylide Yellow 13G

Acetoacetyl;
Arylide Yellow 13G;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 4;
Eljon Yellow 5G;
Hansa Yellow;
Lemon Yellow [LB.av.o]
Pigment Yellow 4

11665

Monoazo;
Arylamide;

CAS 1657-16-5

Bright greenish yellow

PY5

Hansa Yellow 5G

Arylide Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 5;
Hansa Yellow 5G;
Pigment Yellow 5

11660

Monoazo; Arylamide;

CAS 4106-67-6

Bright greenish yellow

PY6

Hansa Yellow 3G

C.I. Pigment Yellow 6;
Hansa Golden Yellow;
Permanent Yellow Orange [HO.g];
Pigment Yellow 6

11670

Monoazo; Arylamide;

CAS 4106-76-7

Bright yellow

II-III

PY9

Azo Yellow 2GX

Azo Yellow 2GX;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 9;
Pigment Fast Yellow GRL;
Pigment Yellow 9

11720

Monoazo;

CAS 6486-24-4

Yellow

PY10

Hansa Yellow R

Arylide Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 10;
Hansa Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 10

12710

Pyrazolone azo;

CAS 6407-75-6

Reddish yellow

PY12

Benzidine Yellow G

Benzidine Yellow G;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 12;
Dairylide Yellow 12;
Dairylide Yellow AAA;
Disazo Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 12

21090

Disazo;

CAS 6358-85-6

Brownish orange yellow

II-III

used mainly for inks

PY13

Benzidine Yellow GR

Arylamide Yellow;
Benzidine Yellow GR;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 13;
Dairylide Yellow AAMX;
IRGALITE Yellow BAW;
Orange Red;
Pigment Yellow 13;
Vulcan Fast Yellow GR

21100

Disazo; Diarylide m-xylidide;

CAS 5102-83-0

Bright Reddish yellow

II-III

slightly more lightfast than PY12; used mainly for inks

PY14

Diarylide Yellow AAOT

Azo Yellow 13GX;
Benzidine Yellow AAOT;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 14;
Dairylide Yellow;
Diarylide Yellow OT;
Disazo Type 11;
lsol Diaryl Yellow GO.aP;
PERMANENT YELLOW 2GB;
Pigment Yellow 14;
Transparent Lemon [HO.o];
Vulcan Fast Yellow G

21095

Disazo Type 11 Toluidide;

CAS 5468-75-7

Yellow leaning towards green

II-III

40-68

A
MSDS

Used mainly in inks

PY16

Permanent Yellow NCG

C.I. Pigment Yellow 16;
Dairylide Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 16;
Permanent Yellow [GU]

20040

Disazo;

CAS 5979-28-2

Bright greenish yellow

II-III

main use in inks

PY17

Dairylide Yellow 17

Arylamide Yellow;
Benzidene Yellow G;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 17;
Dairylide Yellow 17;
Permanent Yellow 2G;
Pigment Yellow 17;
Transparent Yellow [MA.o(artis)];
Yellow Benzidine

21105

Disazo;
Benzidene;
CAS 4531-49-1

Bright green shade yellow

II-III

PY21

Orange Chrome Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 21;
Lead Chromate;
Orange Chrome;
Orange Chrome Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 21;

77601
14095

Copricipitated Lead Chrome;

CAS 1344-37-2

Bright orange

15-24

C
MSDS

may darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide

PY24

Flaventhrone Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 24;
Flaventhrone Yellow [GU];
Flaventhrone Yellow Deep [GU];
Nickel Titanate Gold [GU];
Pigment Yellow 24;
Pigment Yellow 112;
Vat yellow 1

70600

Dairylide; Anthraquinone; Flavanthrone;

CAS 475-71-8

Mid-shade to reddish Yellow

12-35

* same pigment as PY112?(Ref)

PY30

Lead Oxychloride

Cassel Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 30;
English Yellow;
Kasseler yellow;
Lead Chloride Oxide;
Montpelier yellow;
Mineral Yellow;
Oxychloride of Lead;
Patent yellow;
Pigment Yellow 30;
Turner's Yellow

77592

Inorganic;
Oxychloride of lead

Bright greenish yellow to dull yellow*

may darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide;

* Color depends on lead oxide content (Ref)

PY31

Barium Chromate

Barium Chromate;
Barium Chrome;
Barium Yellow [KP.p];
Baryta Yellow;
Baryte Yellow [BX.o];
Barytgelb;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 31;
Jaune d'outremer;
Lemon Yellow [MH.o];
Permanent Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 31;
Platina Yellow (hue);
Steinbühl yellow;
Steinbühlergelb;
Ultramarine Yellow;
Yellow Ultramarine

77103

Inorganic;
Barium chromate is syntetic mineral pigment;
Barium chromate oxide;
Chromic acid barium;

Making pigments: lemon Yellow at webexhibits.org

CAS 10294-40-3

Light Lemon yellow*

†Hue shift towards green (Ref)

18-23

C
ICSC

May turn greenish in oils (Ref);

"When heated, it becomes reddish, and when cold, it is pure yellow again" (Ref Dictionary of Artists' Oil Pigments: Their Chemical and Physical Properties by R. Bruce Handlong, 1969)

* "Original" lemon yellow (Ref Color Index 3rd Ed)

PY32

Strontium Chromate

C.I. Pigment Yellow 32;
Citron Yellow;
Deep Lemon Yellow;
Delta Strontium Chromate;
Micronized Strontium Chromate;
Lemon Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 32;
Strontaine Yellow;
Strontian Yellow;
Strontium Chrome Yellow;
Strontium Yellow;
Ultramarine Yellow;

77839

Inorganic;
Strontium chromate(VI), SrCrO4
Chromic acid strontium salt; (Ref), (MSDS)

CAS 7789-06-2

Pale yellow *

†Hue shift towards green (Ref)

16-27

B
MSDS
ICSC

corrosion inhibitor, may be found in industrial coatings

* may turn greenish due to the partial conversion to chromium oxide (Ref Pigment Compendium, 2008, p.361);

PY33

Calcium Chromate

Calcium Chromate;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 33;
Gelbin;
Steinbühler Gelb

77223

Calcium Chromate;
Basic calcium chromate;

Very Pale Yellow to deep yelllow*

Usually used as an extender in yellow paints (Ref Artists' Pigments: a Handbook of their History and Characteristics (vol 1);

* Higher temperatures during manufacture make deeper hues (Ref Color index 3rd Ed., V.4, Inorganic colourants CI 77223)

PY34

Lead Chromate

Amarillo de Cromo;
Canary Chrome Yellow;
Chrome Green;
Chrome Orange;
Chrome Red;
Chrome Yellow;
Chrome Lemon;
Chrome Lemon Yellow [WNd];
Chrome Yellow Lemon [MA.o(artis).p];
Chrome Yellow Light [MA.o(artis).p | SE.p];
Chrome Yellow Medium [MA.o(artis)];
Chrome Yellow Deep [MA.o(artis).p | SE.p | WNd];
Chrome Yellow Orange;
Chromgelb;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 34;
Cologne Yellow;
Crocoite;
Deep Chrome Yellow;
Dianichi Chrome Yellow G;
Giallo di Cromo;
Golden Chrome Yellow;
Gothaergelb;
Jaune de Chrome;
Jaune de Cologne;
Jaune Minérale;;
King's Yellow;
Lead chromium oxide;
Leipzig Yellow;
Lemon Chrome;
Light Chrome;
Paris Yellow;
Phoenicochroite;
Pigment Yellow 34;
Platina Yellow (hue);
Plumbous Chromate;
Primrose Chrome;
Primrose Chrome Yellow;
Primrose Yellow;
Pure Lemon Chrome L3GS;
Sicomin® Yellow;
Zwickau Yellow;
Zwickauergelb;

77600
77603

Synthetic Lead Chromate;
Neutral Lead Chromate;
Lead chromium oxide;
Lead sulfochromate yellow;
Can be extracted from natural Crocoite;

LBNL Pigment Database Spectral radiative properties;
Chrome Yellow

Method of making Chrome Yellow at webexhibits.org

CAS 1344-37-2;
CAS 7758-97-6

Very light, bright greenish to mid to reddish yellow;

†Fades; Darkens over time when exposed to hydrogen sulfide fumes in the air; Hue shift towards green or brown. (Ref)

1-2

C
MSDS
MSDS
ECHA

Contains lead; may darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide

PY34:1

Lead Chromate with Lead sulfate

Chrome Lemon Yellow [WNd];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 34:1;
Lemon Chrome Yellow;
Chrome Yellow Light;
Pigment Yellow 34:1

77603:1

Lead Chromate with Lead sulfate

Very light, bright to deep yellow;

†Fades

Contains lead; may darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide

PY35

Cadmium Yellow

Amarillo de cadmio;
Aurora Yellow [WNd];
Brilliant Yellow [WN.g];
Cadmium Green light [KA.o.p];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 35;
C.P. Cadmium Yellow - Light / Medium / Dark [GO.a | SQ.a | TA.a];
C.P. Cadmium Yellow Primrose [GO.a];
Cadmium Lemon [DB.w | DV.k | GB.o | KA.o.p | MA | RT | WN.a.g.k.o.w];
Cadmium Lemon Pale [WN];
Cadmium Lemon Yellow [SE.os.w | SCH];
Cadmium Medium;
Cadmium Orange [MA.o];
Cadmium Pale;
Cadmium Primrose [RGH.o | WN];
Cadmium Yellow Deep (hue) [GR.o?*];
Cadmium Yellow Light (hue) GR.o?*];
Cadmium Yellow Medium (hue) [GR.o?*];
Cadmium Yellow Pale (hue) [GR.o?*];
Cadmium Yellow [GEN | AS | DS.od | DR | HO.g.wo | LK | MG.a.g.o.w | MH.o | SI.p | SCH | WN.o];
Cadmium Yellow 1 Light [SCHM.o];
Cadmium Yellow 2 Middle [SCHM.o];
Cadmium Yellow 3 Deep [SCHM.o];
Cadmium Yellow Dark / Deep [GEN | AS | CR.a | DB.o | DR | LK | MA.a.o.o(artis).o,p.w | MG.a.o.w | MH.o | SE.o.os.w | SI.p | WN.o];
Cadmium Yellow Dark CP [GO.a];
Cadmium Yellow Deep Genuine [SE.t];
Cadmium Yellow Golden [MH.o];
Cadmium Yellow Lemon [GEN | DB.o | DV.w | GR.w?* | HO.g.wo | LB.o | LK | MA.a.o.o(art).o.p.w | MH.o | MR.o | OH.a.o.w | RGH.o | RT.a.o.w.wo | SCH.o.w | SE.a.o | SI.p];
Cadmium Yellow Light [GEN | AS | BX.o | CR.a.o | DB.o.w | DS.w | DV.k.o.w | GB.o | GR.w?* | HO.a | JO.ag | KA.o.p | LA.a | LB.o | LK | LQ.a | MA.a.o.o(artis).o.p.w | MG.a.g.o.w | MR.o | MW.o | OH.a.o.w | RGH.o.p | RT.a.o.o | SE.a.o.os.w | SI.p | SCH.a.g.o.w | SQ.a | WN.a.a.k.w.wo];
Cadmium Yellow Light CP [GO.a | GU];
Cadmium Yellow Light Genuine [SE.t];
Cadmium Yellow Medium [GEN | BX.o.w | CAS.k | DB.o | DSd | DV.o.w | JO.ag |KA.o| LA.a | LB.o | LQ.a | MA.a.o.o(artis).p | MW.o | OH.a.o.w | RGH.o.p | | RT.a.o.o.w.wo | SE.a.o | SI.p | SCH.a | SQ.a | UT.w | WN.a.a.k.];
Cadmium Yellow Medium CP [GO.a | GU];
Cadmium Yellow Medium Pure [UT.w];
Cadmium Yellow Mid [JO.ag];
Cadmium Yellow Middle [HO.a | SCH.w];
Cadmium Yellow Orange [SE.a];
Cadmium Yellow Pale [GEN | AS | BX.o.w | DR | DV.o | WN.g.o.w];
Cadmium Yellow Primrose [RGH.o.p];
Cadmium Yellow Primrose CP [GO.a];
Cadmium Zinc Yellow;
Cad Yellow Light [MT];
Cad Yellow Medium [MT];
Deep Cadmium [WN];
Deep Cadmium Yellow [WN];
Giallo di cadmio;
Jaune de Cadmium;
Kadmiurngelb;
Lemon Cadmium Yellow [PF.w];
Lemon Cadmium Yellow (Genuine) [CH];
Lemon Intense Yellow [CH];
Light Cadmium Yellow [PF.w];
Light Cadmium Yellow (Genuine) [CH | PF.w];
Medium Cadmium Yellow (Genuine) [CH];
Pigment Yellow 35;
True Cadmium Yellow Medium [PF.o]
True Cadmium Yellow Deep [PF.o]
True Lemon Cadmium Yellow [PF.o]

77205

Inorganic;
Cadmium Zinc Sulphide;

LBNL Pigment Database Spectral radiative properties;
Cadmium Yellow Light

How Cadmium yellow/red is made at webexhibits.org;

Some brands of cadmium paints may in fact be composed of Cadmium-Barium Pigments even if indicated on the label as pure PY35 (Reference: A Critical Analysis of Commercial Pigments, by M. Pérez, K. Castro, M.D. Rodríguez2, MA. Olazabal and J.M. Madariaga, University of the Basque Country, Dept. Analytical Chemistry and Dept. Painting).

CAS 8048-07-5;
CAS 12442-27-2

Bright, light, greenish to reddish yellow

†Fades, although lightfast, may fade when exposed to very damp conditions and excessive light over a long time. (Ref:The Artist's Handbook by Pip Seymour)

17-21

?* on the Grumbacher website and on Dick Blicks site, Grumbacher Cadmiums are indicated to be the cadmium colors that do not contain barium. However the Grumbacher web site also states they are "coprecipated with barium sulfate", that would make them "Cadmium-Barium" versions of those cadmium colors and should have a :1 after the color index name. (ie. PO20 should be PO20:1). Older Grumbacher literature do indicate these are Cadmium-Barium colors.

PY35:1

Cadmium lithopone Yellow

Cadmium-Barium Yellow Deep [GR.o.wo?*];
Cadmium-Barium Yellow Light [GR.o.wo?*];
Cadmium-Barium Yellow Medium [GR.o.wo?*];
Cadmium-Barium Yellow Pale [GR.o.wo?*];
Cadmium Litho Yellow Light [GU];
Cadmium litho Yellow Lemon Xtra [GU];
Cadmium Litho Yellow Medium [GU];
Cadmium Litho Primrose 15G [GU];
Cadmium yellow green LITHO (green shade);
Cadmium Yellow (hue*) [DSd | HO];
Cadmium Yellow Deep (hue*) [DSd];
Cadmium Yellow Lemon (hue*) [GR.w?* | HO];
Cadmium Yellow Light (hue*) [CL | DB.a | DG | DSd | GB.o | HO | SV];
Cadmium Yellow Medium (hue*) [CL | DB.a GR.a];
Cadmium Yellow Middle (hue*) [HO];
Cadmium Yellow No. 2, very light [KP.p];
Cadmium primrose 15G LITHO (green Shade) [GU];
Cadmium Zinc lithopone;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 35:1;
Pigment Yellow 35:1

77205:1

Inorganic; Cadmium Zinc co-precipitated with barium sulfide;

CAS 90604-89-0

Bright, light, greenish to reddish yellow

†Fades, although lightfast, may fade when exposed to very damp conditions and excessive light over a long time. (Ref:The Artist's Handbook by Pip Seymour)

17-21

* Cheaper, Slightly less saturated and slightly less tinting strength as pure PY35.
It is overall a less costly pigment but some colormen make no distinction and charge the same as if it were PY35.
Cadmium-Barium pigments can be up to almost 60% barium sulphate. (Ref: Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopedia, By Rutherford John Gettens, George Leslie Stout)

?* on the Grumbacher website and on Dick Blicks site, Grumbacher Cadmiums are indicated to be the cadmium colors that do not contain barium. However the Grumbacher web site also states they are "coprecipated with barium sulfate", that would make them "Cadmium-Barium" versions of those cadmium colors and should have a :1 after the color index name. (ie. PO20 should be PO20:1). Older Grumbacher literature do indicate these are Cadmium-Barium colors.

PY36

Zinc Yellow

Aenki;
Amarillo de Zinc;
Buttercup Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 36;
Citron Yellow;
Giallo di Zinco;
Jaune de Chrôme Malterve;
Jaune de Zinc;
Permanent Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 36;
Primrose Yellow,
Ultramarine Yellow;
Yellow Button Of Gold;
Zinc Yellow [WN.od?];
Zinc Chromate;
Zinc Chrome;
Zinc Chrome Yellow;
Zinkgelb;

77955

Inorganic, synthetic mineral;
Zinc chromate;
zinc potassium chromate hydrate;
Coprecipitated calcium and zinc chromates;

CAS 37300-23-5

Bright greenish yellow

2-3

B
MSDS

rust inhibitor

PY36:1

Basic Zinc Yellow

Basic Zinc Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 36:1;
Pigment Yellow 36:1;
Zinc Yellow

77956

Inorganic;
zinc chromate hydroxide;
Zinc Tetroxychromate

Dull reddish yellow

rust inhibitor

PY37

Cadmium Yellow

Aurora yellow;
Cadmia;
Cadmium gold dark CP (orange shade);
Cadmium Gold Xtra Deep CP [GU];
Cadmium Golden CP [GU];
Cadmium Lemon [WL .o.p];
Cadmium Orange Deep [DV.k];
Cadmium Sulphide;
Cadmium Yellow [GEN];
Cadmium Yellow Deep [GEN | BR | CR.o | DS.w | DV.k | GB.o | KA.o | MA | OH | RF.e | RGH.o.p | UT | WL .o.p];
Cadmium Yellow Extra Deep [KA.p | RGH.o | WL .o];
Cadmium Yellow Lemon [GEN | BR | HO.o.w | MA | UT.a.o | WL.o];
Cadmium Yellow Lemon Pure [UT.a.o];
Cadmium Yellow Light [GEN | BR | HO.o.w | RF.e | UT.a.o.w*? | WL.o.p];
Cadmium Yellow Light Pure [UT.o];
Cadmium Yellow Medium [GEN | BR | CR.a.o | DV.k | GB.o.p | KA.p | RF.e | RGH.o | UT.a.o | WL.o.p];
Cadmium Yellow Medium Pure [UT.a.o.w*?];
Cadmium Yellow Pale [GEN | HO.o.w];
Cadmolith;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 37;
Daffodil;
Jaune Brilliant;
Jaune de Cadmium;
Kadmiumgelb;
Orient Yellow;
Permanent Lemon [WL.o];
Pigment Yellow 37;
Radiant Yellow;

77199

Inorganic;
Cadmium Sulphide;

How Cadmium yellow/red is made at webexhibits.org;

Some brands of cadmium paints may in fact be made of Cadmium-Barium Pigments even if indicated on the label as pure PY37 (Reference: A Critical Analysis of Commercial Pigments, by M. Pérez, K. Castro, M.D. Rodríguez2, MA. Olazabal and J.M. Madariaga, University of the Basque Country, Dept. Analytical Chemistry and Dept. Painting).

CAS 68859-25-6

Bright lemon to med to deep reddish yellow;
Usually redder than PY35

† Fades, may fade when exposed to very damp conditions and excessive light (Ref)

17-21

B
MSDS
ICSC

(Ref);

*?According to the MSDS Sheet, Utrecht Artists' Watercolor Paint "Cadmium Yellow Light Pure" is PY37. There is a typo on the website indicating it is PBk9, which can not be, because PBk9 is Pigment Black 9 or "Bone Black"

PY37:1

Cadmium-Barium Yellow Deep

Cadmium Litho Gold Dark [GU];
Cadmium Litho Golden [GU];
Cadmium Lithopone Yellow;
Cadmium-Barium Yellow Deep;
Cadmium-Barium Yellow Light;
Cadmium-Barium Yellow Medium;
Cadmium Yellow Deep (hue*) [DSd];
admium yellow gold (orange shade) (hue*);
Cadmium Yellow Lithopone;
Cadmium Yellow No. 4, light (hue*) [KP.p]:
Cadmium Yellow No. 6, medium (hue*) [KP.p]:
Cadmium Yellow No. 8, medium dark (hue*) [KP.p]:
Cadmium Yellow No. 9, dark (hue*) [KP.p]:
Cadmium yellow orange (orange shade);
Cadmium yellow red (orange shade) (hue*);
Cadmopone;
Cadmopone Middle Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 37:1;
Pigment Yellow 37:1

77199:1

Inorganic;
Cadmium co-precipitated with barium sulfide;
CAS 90604-90-3

Bright lemon to med to deep reddish yellow

†Fades, may fade when exposed to very damp conditions and excessive light (Ref)

17-21

* Cheaper, Slightly less saturated and slightly less tinting strength as pure PY37.
It is overall a less costly pigment but some colormen make no distinction and charge the same as if it were PY37.
Cadmium-Barium pigments can be up to almost 60% barium sulphate. (Ref: Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopedia, By Rutherford John Gettens, George Leslie Stout)

PY38

Tin Sulphide

Artificial Gold;
Aurum Mosatcum;
Aurum Mosatcum;
Aurum Mustcum;
Aurum Mustvum;
Bronze Powder**;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 38;
Faux Or;
Herzenbergite;
Mosaic Gold;
Mosaic Gold Bronze Powder;
Musiv Gold;
Mustcum;
Mustvum;
Ormolu;
Or Mussif;
Oro Mosaico;
Oro Musivo;
Stannic Sulfide;
Sulfanylidenestannane;
Suvarnavanga;
Thioxostannane;
Tin Bronze;
Tin Disulfide;
Tin Sulphide;
Zinntetrasulfid;

77878

Tin(IV) Sulfide Berndtite;
Tin Sulphide (SnS2);
Stannic sulfide;
Stannous Sulfide;
Tin Monosulfide;
Tin (II) Sulfide;
Tin Disulfide;
Tin Protosulfide;

Stannic Sulfide references at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO

Created by heating stannous chloride (100 parts) with flowers of sulfur (50) to obtain a pale yellow product (Ref Color Index 3rd Ed.)

Herzenbergite is the rare natural form

CAS 1314-95-0;
CAS 1315-01-1

greenish or browish golden yellow metallic luster

A
MSDS

Mosaic Gold is reputed to be an aphrodisiac and it is an important ingredient in Ayurvedic medicine against impotency. It is also used to "generate semen of high quality", gives great vigor and cures gonorrhea. Also used as a brain tonic, anti-psychotic and last, but not least, it even clears your complexion! (wikipedia Reference); (Ref chemeurope.com);

NOTE: The term "mosaic gold" is also used to designate an alloy consisting of 65.3% copper and 34.7% zinc.

** Tin Sulphide is not bronze even though it is sometimes called "Browse powder" or "Tin bronze"

PY39

Orpiment

Arsenic Trisulfide;
Arsenic Yellow;
Auri pigmentum;
Auripigment;
Auripigmentum;
Chinese Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 39;
Golden Orpiment;
King's Yellow;
Jalde;
Juane Royal;
Mineral Yellow;
Natural Arsenic Sulfide;
Old King's Yellow;
Operment;
Oropiment;
Oropimente;
Orpiment² [GEN | KP.p | NP.p];
Orpimento;
Pigment of Gold;
Pigment Yellow 39;
Royal Yellow;
Sulfide of Arsenic;
Yellow Arsenic

77085
77086

Sulfide of Arsenic;
Arsenic Sulfide;
Arsenic Trisulfide;
Arsenic pentasulfide,
natural mineral (Ref webexhibits), (Ref);

Making pigments: Orpiment at webexhibits.org;

CAS 1303-33-9

Brite lemon thru to golden yellow

3-4***

II-III*

D**
MSDS
MSDS²

Natural and artificial sources;

Said to be incompatible with lead or copper containing pigments (Ref);

May be wise to avoid mixing with paints containing lead (Ref)

May react with other pigments (Ref);

* Natural sources said to be more lightfast (Ref);

** Natural orpiment said to be less toxic (Ref).

*** In it's natural crystal state it is very transparent, but transparency can vary do to binder medium (more transparent in oils), processing and particle size.

PY39

Realgar

Arsenic Orange;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 39;
ealgar [GEN | KP.p | NP.p];
Red orpiment

Arsenic sulfide, Natural mineral Realgar;
CAS 1303-33-9

Yellow to Bright red orange

II-III*

†Hue shift towards yellow

D
MSDS

Said to be incompatible with lead or copper pigments. (Pigmentt Ref)

* Excessive light exposure may convert it to orpiment and arsenious oxide (Ref Natural Pigments; See Pararealgar above

PY40

Aureoline

Aureolin [GEN | AS | BX.o | GR.o | HO.o | MA.o(artis) | MH.o | RT .w | SE.w | UT.o | WN.w];
Aureolina;
Aureoline [ RT .w | SE.o];
Aureolin (Cobalt Yellow) [DR | DS.o.w | MH | UT.o];
Aureolin Yellow [MT];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 40;
Cobalt (Aureolin) Yellow Lake [OH.o.w];
Cobalt Yellow [KP.p | WL.o.p];
Cobalt Yellow (Aureolin) [DS.o.w | NP,p | RF.e | SI.p | WL.o];
Cobalt Yellow Lake [OH];
Fischer’s salt;
Fragonard Aureoline [PF.o];
Indian Yellow (hue);
Jaune de Cobalt;
Jaune Indian Aureolin;
Kobaltgelb;
Pigment Yellow 40;
Transparent Yellow [BX.o.w]

77357

Synthetic mineral;
Potassium Cobaltinitrite;

Yellow crystalline compound salt of the metal Cobalt. It is the Double Nitrite of Cobalt and potassium. (Ref Dictionary of Artists' Oil Pigments: Their Chemical and Physical Properties by R. Bruce Handlong, 1969);

Aureolin (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO);

Making Cobalt Yellow Pigment at webexhibits.org

CAS 13782-01-9

Medium to dull golden yellow (Mustard yellow);

†Darkens, dulls, Hue shift towards brown

3-4

B
MSDS
MSDS

PY41

Naples Yellow

Amarillo de Napoles;
Amber Ochre [SE.o];
Antimoniate of Lead;
Antimongelb;
Antimony Yellow;
Bindheimite**;
Brilliant Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 41;
Genuine Naples Yellow;
Genuine Naples Yellow Light [MH.o];
Genuine Naples Yellow Dark [MH.o];
Giallo di Napoli;
Gialloline;
Giallolino;
Giallorino;
Jaune Brilliant;
Jaune d’Antimoine;
Jaune de Naples;
Lead Antimoniate;
Lead Antimonate Yellow;
Lead Antimonate Yellow Dark [NP.p ¹];
Lead Antimony Yellow Pyrochlore;
Luteolum Napolitanum;
Merimee’s Yellow;
Mineralgelb;
Mineral Yellow;
Naples Yellow [GEN, BR | KP.p | NP.p ¹ | RGH.o];
Naples Yellow Light¹ [NP.p];
Naples Yellow Dark [KP.p | NP.p ¹];
Naples Yellow Deep;
Naples Yellow from Paris [KP.p];
Naples Yellow Reddish [KP.p];
Neapelgelb;
Neapelgelb Zitron [KP.p];
Pigment Yellow 41;
Pyrochlore;
Zalulino

77588
77589

Inorganic;
Lead Antimonate Yellow Pyrochlore, is obtained by calcining a mixture of Lead (II) Oxide and Antimony (V) Oxide to create a matrix of pyrochlore. It may include A1203, CdO, Fe2O3, MgO, SnO2, TiO2, and/or ZnO as modifierss. (Ref Color Index);
Lead Antimoniate;
Lead metantimonate;
Lead antimonate yellow
(Ref Boston Fine Arts);

ARTIFICAL YELLOW PIGMENTS, A study of lead, tin and antimony based yellow pigments PDF.

How Naples Yellow is made at webexhibits.org

** Occurs naturally as Bindheimite (hydrous antimonate of lead), (ask.com Ref), (images), (webmineral.com Ref);

CPMA 10-14-4

CAS 8012-00-8;
CAS 13510-89-9

Many shades pf pale to bright, greenish to red yellow

10-15

C
MSDS¹
MSDS

Unique hue;

Contains lead;

May darken by atmospheric hydrogen sulfide;

More stable in oils?; (Ref and Source);

"When it comes into contact with a metallic iron or tin or zinc, Naples Yellow becomes gray. It is advisable to use a horn or wooden spatula* in preparing and/or mixing the pigment" (Ref Dictionary of Artists' Oil Pigments p.52)
* certainly any non-metalic tools such as a glass muller may be used too.

Usually substituted with less toxic pigments and mixtures in modern paints, genuine Naples Yellow is still available from some suppliers, (see links in the marketing & common names column).

PY42

Yellow Iron Oxide

Antique Dandelion;
Antique Brown;
Attish Light Ochre [SCHM.o];
Bohemian Ochre Dark;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 42;
Deep Gold Oxide [KA.p];
Felsite Transparent Yellow [KA.p];
Ferrite Yellow;
Goethite;
Golden Ochre [ LB.o | MR.o | SV];
Gold Ochre [RT .o | WN.a.o.w];
Gold Ochre Transparent [DV];
Gold Oxide [CR | JO.ag];
Indian Yellow Transparent (hue) [DV.o];
Iron Oxide Yellow [CAS.k | KP.p | SCH.a];
Light Brown [RT];
Light Ochre [SCH.a];
Limonite;
Jaune de Fer;
Mars Orange [GEN | KA.p | MA.o | RGH.o.p | WL.o];
Mars Yellow [GEN | BX.o | DS.w | LB.o | MA.o.o(artis).p | OH.a.o.w | SE.os | SI.p | UT.o | WN];
Mars Yellow Dark [SI.p];
Mars Yellow Deep [RF.e | RGH.o.p | WL.o.p];
Mars Yellow Light [RF.e | RGH.o.p | WL.o.p];
Mars Yellow Orange [BX.o];
Opaque Yellow Ochre [HO];
Orange Ochre [RT .o];
Orange Oxide [GU];
Orange Oxide Transparent [RGH.o];
Oxide Yellow [LA.a];
Oxyde Juane;
Pigment Yellow 42;
Raw Sienna [RT.a.a | SCH];
Raw Sienna Deep [DV.w];
Raw Sienna Hue [AS];
Spanish Gold Ochre [KA.o.p];
Stil De Grain (hue) [WL.o];
Translucent Ochre [SCH.o];
Translucent Yellow Oxide [SCHM.o];
Trans. Gold Oxide [SQ.a];
Transoxide Yellow [LA.a];
Transparent Earth Yellow [DS | GB.o.p];
Transparent Mars Yellow [BX.o.w | MA.o | SQ.a];
Transparent Oxide Yellow [CAS.k | KA.o| MH.o | OH.a | RT.a.o.w.wo];
Transparent Oxide Yellow Lake [OH.o.w];
Transparent Raw Sienna [LQ.a];
Transparent Yellow Iron Oxide [GO.a | GR.o];
Transparent Yellow Ochre [LB.o];
Transparent Yellow Oxide [BR | DS.o.w | KA.ad.p | MG.a.o.w | SQ.a | TA.a];
Venetian Yellow Orange [PF.o];
Yellow 920 [EP.p];
Yellow Gold [GU];
Yellow Iron Oxide [WN.a];
Yellow Ochre [GEN | AS | BX.o.w | BR | CL | CR.a.o | DB.o | DR | DS.o | DV.af.w | HO.a.ag.w.wo | KA | LB.av.o | LK | MA.a.g.w.w | MH.o | MR.o | MW.wo | PF.o.o.w | RT.a.a.o.o | SCH.w | SE.a.os.w | UT.a.w | WN.a.a.g.w.wo];
Yellow Ochre Deep [MH.o];
Yellow Ochre Hue [GR.w];
Yellow Ochre Light [DS.o.w | LK];
Yellow Ochre Light Hue [GR.a];
Yellow Ochre Pale [MA.o(artis)| WN.o];
Yellow Oxide [CR | DB.a | GO.a | JO.a | LQ.a | MT | SQ.a | TA.a];
Yellow Oxide Dark [GU];
Yellow Oxide Light [GU];
Yellow Oxide Transparent [RGH.o.p];

There are many other names for ochres and yellow hydrated iron oxides, usually based on color hue, production location or manufacturing method, followed or prefixed by other properties such as raw, burnt or transparent etc. There are also many different traditional spellings of the word Ochre, Ocher, Ocre, Oker, Oaker, etc. There are also variances on the words oxide (Oxyde, oxid, etc.), Iron (di ferro, de fer, mars, Ferric, ferrous, etc.) and yellow (amarillo, juane, geel, gelb, lemon, citron, mustard, etc.). The yellow iron oxide pigments have an ancient history and because pigments often still use the traditional name, a multitude of languages have intermixed and the different names have become an almost impossible list of varied phrases.

77492

Synthetic hydrated ferric oxide;
Iron (III) oxide monohydrate;
Hydrated Iron Oxide;

LBNL Pigment Database Spectral radiative properties;
Yellow Oxide;

Making pigments: How to make Yellow ochre at webexhibits.org;

CAS 51274-00-1

Dull Reddish yellow to yellowish orange brown**

1-4*

20-30*

A
MSDS
MSDS

* Color, transparency and oil absorption can vary widely depending on manufacture variables, iron oxide (red) to hydrated iron oxide (yellow) ratios, particle size, impurities, additives, and fillers. (Ref Fine Arts Boston).;

**Oil paints and watercolors using PY42 and PY43 exist in almost any shade of yellow, orange, red and violet brown to green brown.

PY43

Natural Yellow Iron Oxide

African Ocher;
Amberg Yellow [KP.p];
Aureolin (hue);
Blue Ridge Yellow Ocher [NP.p];
Brown Haematite;
Brown Hematite;
Brown Ochre [KA.p | KP.p | NP.p];
Buckskin Brown Ochre [SI.p];
Burgundy Yellow Ochre [DS.o.w | KP.p];
Burnt Yellow Ochre [DS.w];
Calcined Ochre de Rue;
Chamois;
Chinese yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 43;
Colonial Raw Sienna [EP.p];
Colonial Yellow Ocher [EP.p];
Cyprusite;
Dark Ochre [KP.p];
Dark Yellow Ocher [EP.p];
Dunkel Ocher [EP.p];
English Ochre;
Fawn Ochre [KP.p | SI.p];
Flesh Ochre;
French Natural Yellow Iron Oxide [NP.p];
French Ochre [DS.w | KP.p.p];
French Orange (Havane) Ocher [NP.p];
Gilding Bole [KP.p];
Goethite;
Goethite - Brown Ochre [DS.w];
Gold Ochre [HO.o | KP.p | NP.p | OH.o.w | RT .w];
Golden Ochre [MA.o.o(artis).p | RGH.o];
Golden Yellow Ochre [SI.p];
Havana Ocher [EP.p];
Iron Oxide Yellow [KP.p];
Iron Yellow;
Italian Brown Ochre [NP.p];
Italian Dark Ochre [NP.p];
Italian Deep Ochre [DS.w];
Italian Earth [HO.o];
Italian Gold Ochre light [KP.p];
Italian Lemon Ochre [WL.p];
Italian Ochre [MA.p];
Italian Orange Ochre [WL.p];
Italian Raw Sienna [WL.o];
Italian Yellow Earth [NP.p];
Italian Yellow Ochre [WL.o.p];
Jaune Claire [NP.p];
Jaune Fonçé [NP.p];
Lemon Ocher [NP.p | RGH.o | WL.o];
Light Yellow Ocher [EP.p];
Limonite [NP.p];
Lymnite;
Mars Orange [RGH.o];
Mineral Yellow;
Minette;
Nicosia Yellow Ocher [NP.p];
Natural Burnt Ochre [CAS.k];
Natural Gold Ochre [DV.o];
Natural Sienna [EP.p];
Natural Yellow [EP.p];
Natural Yellow Iron Oxide [NP.p];
Natural Yellow Ochre [DS.o.w];
Natural Yellow Oxide [NP.p];
Ocher;
Ochre;
Ochre Avana [KP.p];
Ochre de Rue;
Ochre of Athens;
Ocre Havane
Ocre Juane Claire;
Ocre Juane Fonce;
Orange [RT];
Orange Earth from Herculaneum [MA.o];
Orange Ochre [NP.p | WL.o];
Oxford Ochre;
Oxyde Juane Naturelle;
Pigment Yellow 43;
Prussian Ochre;
Raw Sienna [GEN | CL | GO.a | GU | HO.a.o.w.wo | KP.p | MT | RT.o.w | SV | WN.k];
Raw Sienna brownish, Italy [KP.p];
Raw Sienna Deep [OH.o];
Raw Sienna, Italy [KP.p];
Raw Sienna Light [GU | OH.o];
Raw Sienna Medium [GU];
Red Ochre [MA.o];
Roman Ochre;
Roman Ochre Deep Greenish Hue[SI.p];
Satin Ochre [KP.p];
Sienne naturelle;
Sil;
Spanish Gold Ochre [KA];
Spruce Ochre;
Spruce Oker;
Stil de Grain (hue) [WL.o.p];
Taunus Ochre light [KP.p];
Terra Giallo;
Terre Jaune;
Transparent Gold Ochre;
Verona Gold Ochre [DS.o.w];
Xanthosiderite;
Yellow Earth;
Yellow Earth from Rome [MA.o];
Yellow Earth from Verona [MA.o];
Yellow Haematite;
Yellow Hematite;
Yellow iron oxide;
Yellow Moroccan Ochre [KP.p];
Yellow Mine Ochre [KP.p];
Yellow Ocher;
Yellow Ocher Dark [NP.p];
Yellow Ochre [GEN | CAS.k | DS.a.i.w | DV.k.o | GB.o.o.p | GO.a | GU | KA.ad.o.p | LA.a | MA.o.o(artis).p | MG.a.g.o | MW.o | RGH.o.p | SE.t | SI.p | UT.o*** WN.k.a.o.w];
Yellow Ochre Brownish Deep [SI.p];
Yellow Ochre Domestic [WL.o.p];
Yellow Ochre Burnt [OH.o.w];
Yellow Ochre Deep [OH.o.w];
Yellow Ochre Half Burnt [OH.o.w];
Yellow Ochre Golden Shade [SI.p];
Yellow Ochre Light [ KA.p | LB.o | MA.o.p | NP.p | OH.a.o.w | WN.o.w];
Yellow Ochre Natural [HO.o.wo];
Yellow Ochre Pale [HO.o];
Yellow Ochre Pale Natural [HO.o];
Yellow Oker;
Yellow Oxide;
Yellow Oxide of Iron;

There are many other names for ochres and yellow hydrated iron oxides, usually based on color hue, production location, mining site, or manufacturing method, followed or prefixed by other properties such as raw, burnt or transparent etc. There are also many different traditional spellings of the word Ochre, Ocher, Ocre, Oker, Oaker, etc. There are also variances on the words oxide (Oxyde, oxid, etc.), Iron (di ferro, de fer, mars, Ferric, ferrous, etc.) and yellow (amarillo, juane, geel, gelb, lemon, citron, mustard, etc.). The yellow iron oxide pigments have an ancient history and because pigments often still use the traditional name, a multitude of languages have intermixed becoming an almost impossible list of varied phrases.

77492

Natural hydrated ferric oxide usually with some impurities; Mixed iron oxides;
Hydrated Iron Oxide;

CAS 64294-91-3

Dull Reddish yellow to yellowish orange brown**

2-4*

15-25*

A
MSDS

* Color, transparency and oil absorption in artist pigments can vary widely depending on iron oxide to hydrated iron oxide ratios, clay content, particle size, impurities, additives, fillers, and other mineral content. (Ref).;

**Oil paints and watercolors using PY42 and PY43 exist in almost any shade of yellow, orange, red and violet brown to green brown.

*** Utrecht Artists' Oil Paint, Yellow Ochre is actually PY42 and PY 43 mixed, but since they are essentially the same chemically it's virtually a single pigment, and was probably done to get a more consistent color from tube to tube.

PY44

Basic cadmium chromate

Basic Cadmium Chromate;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 44;
Cadmium Chrome;
Cadmium Chromate;
Chromate of Cadmium;
Pigment Yellow 44;
Thwaites yellow

77188

Basic cadmium chromate

vivid light yellow

"described by Kühn and Curran (1986) as a rare and expensive yellow pigment" (Pigment Compendium, Ref)

PY45

Iron Chromate

C.I. Pigment Yellow 45;
Iron Chromate

77505

Iron chromates of varying composition, basic ferric chromate, ferric dichromate.

PY46

Massicot
Litharge

Bleigelb;
Bleiglätte;
Cassel Yellow;
Chrysitin;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 46;
Giallorino;
King Yellow;
Lead(II) oxide;
Lead Monoxide;
Lead Ocher;
Lead Oxide;
Lead oxide yellow;
Lead Protoxide;
Litharge [KA.p | NP.p];
Litharge yellow;
Massicot [NP.p];
Masicotite [KP.p];
Plumbous oxide;
Pigment Yellow 46;
Silver Slip;
Yellow lead monoxide

77577

Lead Oxide;
Lead Monoxide;
Alpha Lead Monoxide;
Red form (Litharge) has a tetragonal crystal structure; Yellow (Massicot) form has a orthorhombic crystal structure. Both forms occur naturally.; (Ref):

PY 46 type 1: Lead Stannate (Pb SnO4);
PY 46 Type 2: Lead and Tin Oxides
(Ref Color Index 3rd Ed.)

CAS 1317-36-8

Massicot-
Yellowish;
Litharge- reddish orange

C
MSDS
MSDS

Too siccative in oil to use as a pigment, but can be used to make siccative mediums and drying oils.

PY47

Lead Titanate

C.I. Pigment Yellow 47;
Lead Titanate;
Lead Titanium Oxide;
Pigment Yellow 47

77645

Inorganic;
Lead Titanate;
Lead(II) titanate;
Lead titanium oxide;
(Chemical Ref);

CAS 12060-00-3

Pale yellow

C
MSDS

"Commonly used in the Netherlands as a primer and in architectural finishes. Minor use in USA. First mentioned in the literature in 1936" (Ref Paint film components monograph - Australia);

PY48

Lead Cyanamide

C.I. Pigment Yellow 48;
Cianuro de plomo;
Cyanure de plomb;
Dicyanolead;
Lead Cyanamide;
Lead Cyanate;
Lead Cyanide;
Pigment Yellow 48

77610

Lead Cyanamide;
Lead Cyanide;
Lead Cyanate;
Lead dicyanide; Lead(II)cyanide;
(Ref Chemical);

Lead Cyanide,
Lead Cyanate:
CAS 592-05-2;
Lead Cyanamide:
CAS 20837-86-9

Bright Greenish yellow

According to the Color Index (1997) Lead cyanamide is PY48, Other sources indicate that Lead Cyanide is PY 48 (Ref). They appear to be different chemicals with different CAS numbers.; Poisonous; Anticorrosive Paint; decomposed by acids to give off hydrogen cyanide

PY53

Nickel Antimony Titanium Yellow Rutile

Antimony Nickel Titantium Oxide Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 53;
Juane Citron;
Lemon Yellow [EP.p | WN];
Lemon Yellow Hue [WN.o];
Lemon Yellow (Nickel Titanate} [WN.w.w];
Meteor® Bright Yellow 8320;
Naples Yellow (hue) [LA.a | MA.p];
Naples yellow Light (hue) [KA.o];
Naples Yellow Light (imitation) [KA.o.p];
Nickel Antimony Titanate;
Nickel Antimony Titanium Yellow Rutile;
Nickel Rutile Yellow;
Nickel Titanate;
Nickel Titanate Yellow [GEN | DR | DS.a.o.w | DV.w | GR.wo | GU | MA.o.o(artis).p.w | RT.a];
Nickel Titanium [OH.o.w];
Nickel Titanium Oxide;
Nickel Titanium Yellow [KP.p | OH.a.o.w | SI.p | WNd];
Nickel Yellow [GEN | BX.o | CAS.k | KA.o.p | SE.o.p | WL.o.p];
Nickel Yellow Titanium Rutile;
Pigment Yellow 53;
Praseodym Titanium Yellow;
Shepherd Yellow;
Sunflower Yellow;
Titanate Yellow [GO.a];
Titanium Nickel Yellow [MA.o(artis).p];
Titanium Yellow [GO.a | RGH.o.p | SCH.w]

77788

Inorganic;
Nickel Antimony Titanium Rutile;
Nickel Titanate (Ti,Ni,Sb) Oxides;
A group of synthetic mineral pigments (Ref: The Artist's Handbook by Pip Seymour);

Antimony oxide-nickel oxide-titanium oxide is created by calcining antimony oxide, nickel oxide and titanium oxide together at high temperature, the composition may include CdO, Cr203, or Li2O as modifiers;

C.I. Pigment yellow 53 is a solid, complex inorganic coloured pigment, based on titanium dioxide with nickel (II) and antimony (V) ions partially replacing titanium ions in the rutile lattice. It is practically inert and has a melting point above 1000 °C. (Reference SIDS document 8007189.pdf);

Mixed Metal Oxide (MMO) (PCImag Ref);

LBNL Pigment Database Spectral radiative properties;
Nickel Antimony Titanium Yellow Rutile (ii);
Nickel Antimony Titanium Yellow Rutile (iii);
Nickel Titanate Yellow;

CPMA 11-15-4

CAS 8007-18-9

Pale, light greenish lemon yellow;

†Becomes more opaque

1-3*

15*

B
MSDS
SIDS

* Opacity and oil absorption depends on composition

PY55

Diarylide Yellow AAPT

Benzidine AAPT;
Benzidine Yellow AAPT;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 55;
Diarylide Yellow [WNd];
Diarylide Yellow AAPT;
Diarylide Yellow PT;
Pigment Yellow 55;
Pigment Yellow 2RN;
Yellow Deep

21096

Disazo;

CAS 6358-37-8

Slightly dull reddish yellow

III

PY61

Pigment Yellow 61

C.I. Pigment Yellow 61;
Heuco Yellow 106100;
Pigment Yellow 61;
Suimei Lake Fast Yellow ALA

13880

Monoazo;
CAS 12286-65-6

Greenish yellow

Pale reddish yellow

PY62

Pigment Yellow 62

Azo Yellow 62;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 62;
Heuco Yellow 106200;
Irgalite Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 62

13940

Monoazo;
CAS 12286-66-7

Light bright mid-shade yellow

Deep reddish yellow

48-62

PY62:1

Pigment Yellow 62:1

C.I. Pigment Yellow 62:1;
Engeltone Yellow;
Monoarylide Yellow Lake;
Pigment Yellow 62:1

13940:1

Monoazo

mid-shade yellow

PY63

Suimei Yellow 3G

C.I. Pigment Yellow 63;
Pigment Yellow 63;
Pigment Yellow 121;
Suimei Yellow 3G

21091

Disazo;
CAS 14569-54-1

Greenish yellow

III

Same as PY121 (Ref)?

PY65

Hansa yellow 65

Arylide Yellow RN;
Arylide Yellow Deep [DV.o | SQ.a | TA.a];
Arylamide Yellow Deep [CR];
Azo Yellow Deep [WN.a];
Brilliant Yellow;
Cadmium Yellow Hue [LK | WN.wo];
Cadmium Yellow Deep (hue);
Cadmium Yellow Deep Hue [WN.a];
Cadmium Yellow Orange Hue [PF];
Chrome Yellow Deep Hue [LB.o | PF.o | WN.a];
Chrome Yellow Deep (hue) [SCH.w];
Chrome Yellow Deep, no lead [SCH.w];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 65;
Deep French Yellow [CH];
Diarylide Yellow [GR.o | KA.ad];
Gamboge (hue) [BX.w];
Gold Yellow [LB.av.o];
Golden Arylide [GU];
Hansa Yellow;
Hansa Yellow Deep [GEN | DS.a.i.o.w | DV.w | UT.w**];
Indian Yellow (hue) [LK];
Indian Yellow Hue [GR.w];
Monolite Yellow;
Permanent Dark Yellow [PF.w];
PERMANENT YELLOW 65;
Permanent Yellow Deep [LK | WL.o.p];
Pigment Yellow 65;
Sahara Yellow [LB.o];
Traffic Yellow*;
Winsor Yellow Deep [WN.o.w]

11740

Arylide; Arylamide;
CAS 6528-34-3

Bright, light, highly saturated, Deep reddish yellow

30-40

* Due to it's Lower cost and superior durability, PY65 has largely replaced PY75 for traffic paints (Ref at Paint & Coatings Industry Magazine, article "Evaluation of Various Organic Color Pigments"January 1, 2010 ).

**According to the MSDS Sheet, Utrecht Artists' Watercolor Paint "Hansa Yellow Deep" is PY65. There is a typo on the website indicating it is PBk9, which can not be, because PBk9 is Pigment Black 9 or "Bone Black"

PY73

Arylide Yellow GX

Arylide Yellow GX;
Azo Yellow;
Azo Yellow Medium [UT.a];
Cadmium Yellow Hue [UT];
Cadmium Yellow Light Hue [DV];
Cadmium Yellow Medium Hue [LB.o | WN.a];
Chrome Yellow Hue [DR];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 73;
Hansa Yellow GX;
Hansa Yellow Light [UT.a];
Hansa Yellow Medium [DV.af | GO.a];
Pigment Yellow 73;
Spectrum Yellow [DR]

11738

Monoazo; Arylide; Arylamide;
CAS 13515-40-7

Bright green to mid shade yellow

2-3*

35-50

* available in unstabilized transparent types, or alternatively, in redder shade, weaker, more opaque and weatherfast types, stabilized against recrystallization (Ref at Paint & Coatings Industry Magazine, article "Evaluation of Various Organic Color Pigments"January 1, 2010 );

PY74

Arylide Yellow 5GX

Arylide Yellow;
Arylide Yellow 5GX;
Arylide Yellow 74;
Arylide Yellow GY;
Arylide Yellow Medium [ KA.ad | SQ.a | TA.a];
Arylamide Yellow [CR];
Azo Yellow Light [OH.a | RT.a];
Azo Yellow Medium [RT.a | WN.a];
Brilliant Yellow [KP.p];
Brilliant Yellow 5GX;
Cadmium Yellow Hue [SCH];
Cadmium Yellow Medium Hue [WN.a];
Cadmium Yellow Pale Hue [WN];
Chrome Lemon (hue);
Chrome Yellow Light Hue [PF.o];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 74;
Dalamar [GU];
Dalamar Yellow;
French Primary Yellow [CH];
Golden 74 [GU];
Hansa Brilliant Yellow 5GX;
Hansa Yellow [GEN | CAS.k | DS.i.o];
Hansa Yellow Medium [DS.a.i.o.p.w | DV.k.w | GB.o.o | KA.o.p];
Hansa Yellow Opaque [GO.a];
Indian Yellow (hue) [DG | SV];
Japanese Yellow Light [LB.o];
Juane Primaire [LB.o];
Lascaux yellow [LA.a];
Light Chrome Yellow Hue [PF];
Light Fast Yellow 5GX;
Light Yellow [MA];
Permanent Light Yellow [PF.w];
Permanent Yellow;
Permanent Yellow, lead free;
Permanent Yellow Medium [RT.a | WL.o];
Pigment Yellow 74;
Primary Yellow [LQ.a | TA.a | LB.o | SE.a];
Process Yellow [WN.a];
Scheveningen Yellow Light [OH.o.w];
Senegal Yellow [LB.av];
Spectrum Yellow [AS];
Transparent Yellow [CR.a.o]
Winsor Yellow [WN.k.o];
Yellow Medium Azo [DB.a | LQ.a];
Yellow Mid Azo [MT]

11741

Monoazo;
Arylide;
Arylamide;

LBNL Pigment Database Spectral radiative properties;
Yellow Medium Azo;

CAS 6358-31-2

Bright mid to greenish yellow

2-3

40-65

A
MSDS

A good primary yellow for color mixing in artist paints, although it is slightly transperant.

PY75

Arylide Yellow

Arylide yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 75;
Hansa Yellow Deep [ DV.k | GB.o | RGH.o.p];
Hansa Yellow Light [RGH.o.p];
Fast yellow RX;
Pigment Yellow 75;
Traffic yellow

11770

Monoazo; Arylide;

CAS 52320-66-8

Reddish to orange shade yellow

Used for traffic paint

PY77

Disazo Condensation Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 77;
Disazo Condensation Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 77

Disazo Condensation

PY81

Diarylide Yellow H10G

Benzidine Yellow 10G;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 81;
Diarylide Yellow H10G;
Disazo Yellow R;
Novoperm Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 81;
Sanyo Pigment Yellow;
Symuler Fast Yellow

21127

Disazo; Benzidine;

CAS 22094-93-5

Greenish lemon yellow

PY83

Diarylide Yellow HR

Antique Orange Yellow [HO.w];
Antique Sun Yellow;
Azo Yellow Deep [OH.a];
Azo Yellow Orange [UT.a];
Beach Yellow;
Benzidine Yellow [HO.wo];
Blockx Yellow [BX.o.w];
Bright Yellow [SE.o];
Cadmium Yellow Deep Hue [LQ.a | MR.o];
Cadmium Yellow Orange (hue);
C.I. Pigment Yellow 83;
Deep Yellow [HO.ag | MA];
Diarylide HR [GU];
Diarylide Yellow [GO.a | KA.p | LA.a | SE.a | WN];
Diarylide Yellow 83;
Diarylide Yellow Deep [MR.o];
Diazo Yellow;
Disazo Yellow;
Hansa Yellow Orange [CL];
Indian Yellow (hue) [ CAS.k | DS.o | DV.k | GB.o | KA.o | MH.o | RF.e | SCH | WL .o];
Indian Yellow Orange (hue) [SE.o];
Indian Yellow Permanent (hue) [GB.o | WL.p];
Marigold [HO.a.g];
Opaque Deep Yellow [HO];
Permanent Indian Yellow;
Permanent Yellow Deep [MA.p];
Pigment Yellow 83;
Primary Yellow [MA];
Scheveningen Yellow Deep [OH.o.w];
Stil De Grain Yellow (hue);
Yellow Deep [MT];
Yellow Orange Azo [LQ.a]

21108

Disazo (Diarylide ) (Benzidine) Condensation;
3,3' dichlorobenzidine coupled with acetoacet-4-methoxy-5-chloro-o-anisidide;

LBNL Pigment Database Spectral radiative properties;
Yellow Orange Azo;

CAS 5567-15-7

Light, deep yellow, reddish undertone;

†Darkens

1-3*

† slight darkening in masstone

* can be produced in opaque, semi-opaque and transparent forms.

PY87

Diarylide Yellow 1285

C.I. Pigment Yellow 87;
Diarylide Yellow;
Indian Gold Transparent [RGH.o];
Indian Yellow Transparent [RGH.o];
Lionol Yellow FFR;

21107:1

Disazo
CAS 15110-84-6

Reddish yellow

PY93

Disazo Yellow 3G

Disazo Yellow 3G;
Disazo Yellow 93;
Chromopthal Yellow 3G [GU];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 93;
Pigment Yellow 93;
Microlith Yellow 4G-A;
Monolite Yellow 3G;
Turner Yellow [SE.o]

20710

Organic;
Disazo Condensation;

CAS 5580-57-4

Slightly dull greenish to medium yellow

62.2

May be a good Gamboge subsitute in artist colors.

PY94

Cromophtal Yellow 6G

C.I. Pigment Yellow 94;
Cromophtal Yellow 6G;
Foscolor Yellow 94;
Pigment Yellow 94

20038

Organic;
Disazo Condensation;

CAS 5580-58-5

Greenish yellow

PY95

Disazo Yellow GR

C.I. Pigment Yellow 95;
Cromophtal Yellow GR;
Diarylide Yellow R;
Disazo Yellow GR;
Gamboge Extra (hue) [OH.a[;
Heuco Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 95;
Transparent Yellow [HO.o]

20034

Organic;
Disazo Condensation;

CAS 5280-80-8

Reddish to mid-shade yellow

PY97

Diarylide Yellow FGL

Arylide Yellow FGL [DV.o];
Azo FGL [GU];
Azo Yellow FGL (green shade);
C.I. Pigment Yellow 97;
Diarylide Yellow FGL;
Graphtol Yellow CI;
Hansa Yellow Deep [MG.w];
Hansa Yellow FGL;
Hansa Yellow Medium [DS.a.w];
Permanent Yellow FGL;
Permanent Yellow Light [LK];
Primary Yellow [MA.a.o.w.w];
Pigment Yellow 97;
Transparent Yellow [WNd];

11767

Monoazo;
Diarylide;
Monoazo Acetoacetyl Sulphamide;

CAS 12225-18-2

Bright, light, mid-shade yellow;

†Fades

40-52

PY98

Diarylide Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 98;
Diarylide Yellow;
Hansa Yellow;
Lemon Yellow [HO];
Pigment Yellow 98

11727

Monoazo;
Diarylide;

CAS 32432-45-4

Very light & bright lemon yellow

PY100

Tartrazine Lake

C.I. Pigment Yellow 100;
Conalake Tartrazine;
FD&C Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake;
Indian Yellow (hue) [KA.p | WN.od];
Pigment Yellow 100;
Tartrazine Lake;
Tartrazine Yellow;

19140:1

Monoazo;
Tartrazine Lake;

CAS 12225-21-7

Orangey yellow

A
MSDS

PY101

Lumogen Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 101;
Lumogen Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 101

48052

Disazomethine;

CAS 2053-29-4

Brilliant florescent greenish yellow

PY104

FD&C Yellow 6

C.I. Pigment Yellow 104;
Conalake Sunset Yellow;
FD&C Yellow 6 Aluminum Lake;
Pigment Yellow 104;
Sunset Yellow Lake

15985:1

Monoazo;

CAS 15790-07-5

Orange shade yellow

PY105

D&C Yellow No 10 lake

C.I. Pigment Yellow 105;
D&C Yellow No 10 lake;
Monolite Fast Yellow 6G;
Pigment Yellow 105

11743

Monoazo;

CAS 12236-75-8

Bright greenish yellow

PY108

Anthrapyrimidine Yellow

Anthra Golden [GU];
Anthrapyrimidine Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 108;
Gamboge Gum Modern;
Gamboge Modern [SCH];
Indian Yellow (hue?*) [DS.w];
Lasyrgula;
Magnesium Euxanthate;
Natural Yellow 20?*;
Paliogen Yellow RT;
Pigment Yellow 108;
Pyramid Yellow;
Pyramid-Yellow medium [KP.p];
Snoeshoe yellow

68420

Synthetic organic vat pigment; Anthrapyrimidine:
Magnesium euxanthate (compare NY20 Indian Yellow);

CAS 4216-01-7

Bright mid to reddish yellow;

†Darkens, reddens

2-3

I-II

41-51

A
MSDS

?* Magnesium Euxanthate is thought to be the main yellow coloring chemical of genuine natural indian yellow. It is possible (ed. Probable) the urine of cow history of Indian Yellow is nothing more than an myth (see my blog article) and true Indian Yellow is simply PY 108, possibly from a plant source and mixed with magnesia or precipitated on a calcium base.
(Ref Color: a natural history of the palette p.204), (Ref), (Ref wikipedia).

May need wetting agent (Ref)

PY109

Isoindole Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 109;
Foscolor Yellow 109;
Irgazin Yellow 2GLT [GU];
Isoindole Yellow [GEN | KP.p];
Isoindolgelb [KP.p];
Isoindolinone Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 109

56284

Isoindolinone;
Tetrachloro-isoindolinone;

CAS 5045-40-9

Greenish to reddish yellow

31-42

A
MSDS

PY110

Isoindolinone Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 110;
Gamboge (Hue) [MGd];
Indian Yellow (hue) [MG.a.o.w | RT.o.wo | SQ.a | TA.a];
Indian Yellow Orange Extra (hue) [OH.a];
Isoindolinone Yellow;
Isoindolinone Yellow R;
Isoindolinone Yellow Deep [KA.ad];
Irgazin Golden [GU];
Irgazin® light orange 2 RLT [KP.p];
Irgazin Yellow;
Irgazin Yellow 2RLT;
Permanent Yellow [LA.a];
Permanent Yellow Deep [DS.w];
Pigment Yellow 110;
Rowney Orange [DR];
Stil de Grain Yellow (hue) [RT .o]

56280

Synthetic organic;
Tetrachholo-isoindolinone;

CAS 5590-18-1

Light, deep yellow with red undertone

1-2

31-42

A
MSDS

Nice deep yellow;
May require wetting agent

PY111

Hansa Brilliant Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 111;
Hansa Brilliant Yellow 7GX;
Irgalite Yellow F4G;
Pigment Yellow 111

11745

Monoazo; Arylamide;

CAS 15993-42-7

Greenish yellow

III

PY112

Flavanthrone Yellow

Anthraquinone Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 112;
Flavanthrene;
Flavanthrone (8CI);
Flavanthrone Yellow;
Indanthren Yellow GLP;
Indanthrene Yellow G;
Permanent Indian Yellow (hue) [LQ.ad.od];
Pigment Yellow 24*;
Pigment Yellow 112;
Vat Yellow 1

70600

Naphthol;
Anthraquinone;

CAS 82601-32-9

Dull reddish yellow

* same pigment as PY24?(Ref)

PY113

Disazo Yellow 10HG

C.I. Pigment Yellow 113;
Disazo 10HG [GU];
Disazo Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 113

Disazo

Very Green Yellow

removed from market (Ref)

PY115

D&C Yellow 10

Ariabel Yellow 12.42;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 115;
D&C Yellow 10;
D&C Yellow 10 Aluminum Lake;
Pigment Yellow 115

47005:1

Quinoline;
Aluminum salt of sulfinated

CAS 68814-04-0

Bright greenish yellow

PY116

Helio Fast Yellow ER

C.I. Pigment Yellow 116;
Helio Fast Yellow ER;
Golden 116 [GU];
Pigment Yellow 116;
Suimei Fast Yellow

11790

Monoazo;

CAS 30191-02-7

Golden reddish yellow

PY117

Paliotol Yellow

Azo Methine Medium [GU];
Azomethine;
Greenish Yellow [HO.o.w];
Paliotol Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 117

Azomethine copper complex

Bright, very light green to midshade yellow

PY118

Chromium Titan Yellow

Chromium Titan Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 118;
Disazo H10?;
Pigment Yellow 118

77894

Inorganic;
Chromium Titan Yellow;
Titanium, Nickel, Antimony, Chromium oxide as a mixed-phase pigment.;
Titanium dioxide with nickel oxide, antimony oxide-chromium oxide approximately corresponding to the formula (Ti,Ni,Sb,Cr)Oz (Ref Inorganic Colouring Matters, Color Index 3rd Ed.)

Reddish yellow

PY119

Zinc Iron Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 119;
Daipyroxide Brown 9211;
Iron Zinc Brown;
Iron Zinc Brown Spinel;
Iron Zinc Oxide;
Magnesium Brown [WN.w]?*;
Mars Yellow [HO.w];
Pigment Yellow 119;
Tuscan Earth [SE.o];
Zinc Ferrite Brown;
Zinc-Iron Brown, dark [KP.p];
Zinc Iron Brown, dark, spinel [KP.p];
Zinc Iron Brown, light [KP.p];
Zinc Iron Brown, light, spinel [KP.p];
Zinc Ferrite Brown;
Zinc Ferrite Brown Spinel;
Zinc Iron Brown;
Zinc Iron Oxide;
Zinc Iron Yellow

77496

Inorganic;
Iron zinc oxide (Zn,Fe)Fe2O4 or Fe2O4Zn Spinel Phase Pigment;
Zinc Ferrite Brown Spinel, is created by the calcination of Zinc (II) Oxide, Iron (II) Oxide, and Iron (III) Oxide in varied ratios that create a homogeneous, ionically interdiffused spinel form crystalline matrix. All or either of the chemicals Al2O3, InO2, NiO, SiO2, SnO2 and/or TiO2 can be used as modifiers (Reference: 4th ed. CMPA Classification and Chemical Description of the Complex Inorganic Color Pigments).;

Iron magnesium oxide?*

Mixed Metal Oxide (MMO) (PCImag Ref):

CPMA 13-36-7;

CAS 12063-19-3;
CAS 68187-51-9

Dull yellow to brownish

A
MSDS

* The 1997 edition of the Color Index International Pigment and Solvent Dyes Edition, list PY119 as Zinc Ferrite Brown Spinel. WN list this color as Iron magnesium oxide, being a mixed metal oxide it's possible they may both be PY119.

PY120

PV Fast Yellow H2G

Benzimidazo H2G [GU];
Benzimidazolone Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 120;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 120;
Novoperm Yellow H2G;
Pigment Yellow 120;
PV Fast Yellow H2G;
Scheveningen Yellow Medium [OH.o.w]

11783

Monoazo;
Benzimidazolone;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 120 (Tech Sheet Reference);;

CAS 29920-31-8

Bright, light, mid-shade yellow;

†Darkens, browns

A
MSDS

PY126

Diarylide Yellow DGR

C.I. Pigment Yellow 126;
Diarylide Yellow DGR;
Permanent Yellow 3G;
Permanent Yellow DGR;
Pigment Yellow 126

21101

Disazo;

CAS 90268-23-8

Bright yellow reddish undertone

III

PY127

Benzidine Yellow GRL

Benzidine Yellow GRL;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 127;
Permanent Yellow GRL;
Pigment Yellow 127

21102

Mixed coupling Disazo;

CAS 68610-86-6

Bright greenish yellow

PY127:1

DCC Diarylide Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 127:1;
DCC 1232 Diarylide Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 127:1

21102:1

Mixed coupling Disazo

Bright greenish yellow

PY128

Azo Condensation Yellow

Azo Condensation Yellow;
Azo Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 128;
Cromophtal Yellow 8G;
Indian Yellow Extra (hue) [OH.a];
Pigment Yellow 128;
Transparent Yellow [WN.o];
Transparent Yellow Medium [RT.a.a.o.wo]

20037

Disazo Condensation;

CAS 79953-85-8

Bright transparent greenish yellow

Alternative to Aureolin

PY129

Irgazin Yellow

Australian Green Gold;
Azo Green [MG.a.o.w];
Azo Methine Dark [GU];
Azo Methine Dark (yellow Shade);
C.I. Pigment Yellow 129;
Golden Green [SE.o | OH.o.w];
Green Gold [DR | DV.o.w | LQ.a | WN.a.o.w];
Green Yellow [LK];
Irgazin Yellow 5GT;
Irgazin® Yellow, greenish [KP.p];
Magnacryl Azomethine Yellow;
Old Holland Golden Green [OH.o.w];
Old Holland Green Gold [OH.a];
Pigment Yellow 129;
Rich Green Gold [DS.a.o.w];
Transparent Yellow Green [RT .o]

48042

Metal Complex (Copper Azomethine Green);
Azomethine Copper Complex;

CAS 15680-42-9

Slightly dull, light yellowish green*

A
MSDS

* More of a green than yellow

PY130

Pigment Yellow 130

C.I. Pigment Yellow 130;
Pigment Yellow 130;
Symuler Fast Yellow 4119

Monoazo

Reddish yellow

PY133

Pigment Yellow 133

C.I. Pigment Yellow 133;
Pigment Yellow 133;
Symuler Lake Fast Yellow 6G

Monoazo;
Strontium salt;

CAS 132821-92-2

Greenish yellow

PY134

Pigment Yellow 134

C.I. Pigment Yellow 134;
Pigment Yellow 134;
Symuler Fast Yellow 2RF

Disazo

Reddish yellow

PY136

Pigment Yellow 136

C.I. Pigment Yellow 136;
Pigment Yellow 136;
Symuler Fast Yellow GRNF

Disazo

Mid-shade yellow

PY137

Isoindoline Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 137;
Isoindoline Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 137

Quinophthalone;
Isoindoline

PY138

Quinophthalone Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 138;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 138 - OP;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 138 - TR ;
Isoindoline Yellow;
Lithol Fast Yellow;
Paliotol® Yellow K 0961 HD;
Permanent Lemon Yellow [PF.w];
Permanent Yellow [DR];
Pigment Yellow;
Quinopthalone Yellow [GU];
Rape Yellow

56300

Isoindoline;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 138 - OP (Tech Sheet Reference);
Gafast Pigment Yellow 138 - TR (Tech Sheet Reference);

CAS 30125-47-4

Very light, bright, greenish to reddish yellow*;

†Lightens

1-3*

19-43

A
MSDS

* The reddish yellow shade is extremely opaque. The greenish shade is transparent and has higher tinctorial strength (Ref).

PY139

Isoindoline Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 139;
Deep Yellow [RT];
Gafast Pigment Yellow 139;
Indo Golden [GU];
Indian Yellow (hue) [CR | JO.a | LQ.a | MAd | WN.k];
Isoidolinone Yellow [KA.o.p];
Isoindoline Yellow [DS.w];
Isoindolinone Yellow;
Lithol Fast Yellow;
Paliotol® Yellow;
Paliotol® Yellow-Orange [KP.p];
Permanent Yellow Deep [MA.w.w];
Pigment Yellow 139;
Yellow Deep [CAS.k];

56298

Isoindoline;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 139 (Tech Sheet Reference);

CAS 36888-99-0

Light to deep reddish yellow*;

† slight fading

2-3

I-II

45-69

A
MSDS

* May be a good Indian yellow (hue) substitute

May require wetting agent

PY147

Pigment Yellow 147

Anthrapyrimidine Yellow;
Anthra Brite Gold [GU];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 147;
Cromophtal Yellow AGR;
Pigment Yellow 147;
Yellow AGR

60645

Anthraquinone; Anthrapyrimidine;

CAS 4118-16-5

Light, deep yellow

PY148

Filamid Yellow 4G

C.I. Pigment Yellow 148;
Filamid Yellow 4G;
Pigment Yellow 148

50600

Polycyclic;

CAS 20572-37-6

Greenish yellow

PY150

Nickel Azo Yellow

Aureoline (hue) [RT .o];
Azo Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 150;
Gamboge (hue);
Gamboge Hue;
Green Gold;
Helio Fast Yellow 4G;
Indian Yellow Deep (hue) [WN.o];
Indian Yellow Imitation [KP.p];
New Gamboge (hue);
Nickel Azo [WN.a];
Nickel Azo Brown Lemon [OH.a];
Nickel Azo Yellow [GEN | DS.a.o.w | DV.w | GO.a | MG.w | SQ.a | TA.a | WN.a];
Pigment Yellow 150;
Transparent Yellow [WN.w];
Translucent Golden Yellow [SCH.a];
Translucent Yellow [SCH.w, SCHM.o]

12764

Monoazo nickel complex; Nickel Azomethine;

CAS 68511-62-6

Deep dull reddish yellow;

†Slight fading

35-40

B
MSDS

PY151

Benzimidazolone Yellow H4G

Aureolin (hue) [SCH];
Aureolin Modern [SCH.w];
Azo Yellow [GEN | DS.o.w | MG.g.w]:
Azo Yellow (Aureolin) [MG.w];
Benzimidazo H4G [GU];
Benzimidazo Yellow H4G (green shade);
Benzimidazolone Yellow;
Canary Yellow [SI.p];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 151;
DCC 7151 Benzimidazolone Yellow;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 151;
Hostaperm Yellow H4G;
John Deere Yellow;
Monoazo Yellow;
Permanent Yellow Light [KP.p];
Pigment Yellow 151;
Scheveningen Yellow Light [OH]

13980

Monoazo;
Benzimidazolone;
Gafast Pigment Yellow 151 (Tech Sheet Reference);

CAS 31837-42-0

Intense light, mid to green shade yellow;

†Browns slightly

45-52

A
MSDS

May have slight brownish cast

PY152

Diarylide Yellow 152

C.I. Pigment Yellow 152;
Diarylide Yellow 152;
Fast Diarylide Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 152

21111

Disazo;

CAS 31775-20-9

Reddish yellow

II-III

PY153

Nickel Dioxime Yellow

Burnt Yellow [UT.w];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 153;
Dioxime Yellow [GU];
Gamboge (hue) [LK];
Gamboge Hue [WN.w];
Indian Yellow (hue) [DR | RT | SE.a | SCH.a.g.o, SCHM.o | UT.w | WNd];
Indian Yellow Hue [SE.w.];
New Gamboge [DS.a.w | WN.w];
Nickel Dioxime Yellow;
Nickel Paliotol Yellow;
Lemon Yellow Hue;
Pigment Yellow 153

48545

Nickel Dioxine Complex;

CAS 29204-84-0

Bright, light, deep yellow. orange to brown undertone*

1-2

* Good Indian yellow (hue) substitute

PY154

Benzimidazolone Yellow 154

Azo Yellow Light [RT .w];
Azo Yellow Medium [RT];
Azo Yellow Deep [RT];
Benzimidazo H3G [GU];
Benzimidazo Yellow H3G (green shade);
Benzimidazolone Yellow [KA.o.p];
Brilliant Yellow [SCH.a];
Cadmium Yellow Pale Hue;
Cadmium Yellow Tone (hue) [SCH.g];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 154;
Da Vinci Yellow [DV.w];
Hostaperm Yellow H3G;
Imidazolone Yellow Light [HO.wo];
Permanent Yellow Light [RT .o.wo];
Permanent Yellow Medium [KP.p | RT.wo];
Pigment Yellow 154;
Primary Yellow [BX.o.w];
Pure Yellow [SCH.w];
Sennelier Yellow Light [SE.w];
Sulphur Yellow;
Transparent Yellow [SQ.a];
Winsor Yellow [WN.w]

11781

Benzimidazolone;

CAS 68134-22-5

Bright, light greenish through to mid yellow

I-II?

58-60

A
MSDS

Claimed to be good primary yellow

PY155

Benzimidazolone Yellow 155

Benzimidazolone Yellow;
Brilliant Yellow [SCH.o];
Cadmium Yellow Hue [LK];
Cadmium Yellow Tone (hue) [SCHM.o];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 155;
Permanent Yellow Light [LK];
Pigment Yellow 155;
Sandorin Yellow 4G

200310

Disazo; Benzimidazolone;

CAS 68516-73-4;
CAS 77465-46-4

Bright yellow

PY156

Benzimidazolone Yellow 156

Benzimidazolone Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 156;
Pigment Yellow 156

Benzimidazolone

Reddish yellow

PY157

Daipyroxide Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 157;
Daipyroxide Yellow;
Nickel Barium;
Nickel-Barium Titanate [HO];
Nickel Barium Titanium;
Nickel Barium Titanium Yellow;
Nickel Barium Titanium Primrose Priderite;
Nickel Titanate Yellow [GR.o];
Pigment Yellow 157;
Priderite Yellow;
Primrose Priderite;
Nickel Yellow [HO.o];
Titanium Primrose;
Yellow Green Ural

77900

Inorganic;
Nickel Barium Titanium Primrose Priderite, is a homogeneous, ionically interdiffused crystalline matrix of priderite created by calcining Nickel (II) Oxide, Barium (II) Oxide, and Titanium (IV) Oxide;

CPMA 9-13-4

CAS 68610-24-2

Greenish yellow

† may brighten

1-2

PY158

Tin Vanadium Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 158;
Pigment Yellow 158;
Tin Vanadium Yellow Cassiterite;
Vanadium Yellow Cassiterite;

77862

Inorganic;
Tin Vanadium Yellow Cassiterite (Sn.V)O2 is created by the high temperature calcining of a mixture of Tin (IV) Oxide and Vanadium (V) Oxides in different amounts to create a crystalline cassiterite matrix. Its composition can have Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, NiO, SiO2 and/or TiO2 as modifiers. (Ref Color Index 4th edition);

Tin Vanadium;

CPMA 11-22-4

CAS 68186-93-6

mid-shade yellow

PY159

Zirconium Praesodymium Silicate Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 159;
Intensive Yellow [KP.p];
Lemon Yellow Deep [WN.w];
Pigment Yellow 159;
Praseodym Yellow [KP.p];
Zirconium Praseodymium Silicate [KP.p];
Zirkonium Praseodym Yellow [SI.p];
Zirconium Praesodymium Yellow Zircon;
Zirconium Yellow

77997

Inorganic;
Zirconium Praesodymium Silicate or Zirconium Praeseodymium Yellow Zircon (Zr,Pr)SiO4 is created by the high temperature calcination of a various mixtures of oxides of Zirconium (IV) Oxide, Silicon (IV) Oxide, and Praseodymium (III, IV) Oxide to create a zircon crystalline form. It may include less than 5% of either one or both alkali and/or alkaline earth halides as modifiers. (Ref Color Index 4th edition);

CPMA 14-43-4;

CAS 68187-15-5

Very light lemon yellow

PY160

Zirconium Vanadium Yellow

Baddeleyite;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 160;
Pigment Yellow 160;
Vanadium Yellow
Zirconium Vanadium Yellow;
Zirconium Vanadium Yellow Baddeleyite

77991

Inorganic;
Zirconium Vanadium Yellow Baddeleyite (Zr,V)O2 is produced by high temperature calcination of a mixture of oxides of zirconium and vanadium in varied amounts to create a crystalline matrix of baddeleyite. It may include any one or more of the modifiers Al2O3, Fe2O3, In2O3, SiO2 and/or TiO2. (Ref Color Index 4th edition);

CPMA 1-01-4 (4th ed. CMPA Classification and Chemical Description of the Complex Inorganic Color Pigments)

CAS 68187-01-9

Mid-shade to reddish yellow

PY161

Nickel Niobium Titanium Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 161;
Nickel Niobium Titanium Yellow Rutile;
Nickel Niobium Yellow Rutile;
Pigment Yellow 161

77895

Inorganic;
Nickel Niobium Titanium Yellow Rutile is prepared by the calcination of oxides of nickel, niobium, and titanium, (Ti,Ni,-Nb)O2 creating a rutile crystalline form. The composition may have Cr203 or SrO as modifiers. (Reference: Coatings Technology handbook, Third Edition, Edited by Arthur A. Tracton, 2006 by CRC Press);

Mixed Metal Oxide (MMO) (PCImag Ref):

CPMA 11-16-4

CAS 68611-43-8

Greenish yellow

PY162

Chrome Niobium Titanium Buff Rutile

Chrome Niobium Titanium Buff;
Chrome Niobium Titanium Buff Rutile;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 162;
Pigment Yellow 162

77896

Inorganic;
Chrome Niobium Titanium;
Produced by calcining Titanium (IV) Oxide, Chromium (III) Oxide, and Niobium (V) Oxide, with the approximate formula of (Ti,Cr,Nb)O2. It may also have NiO and/or SrO as modifiers. (Reference: Coatings Technology handbook, Third Edition, Edited by Arthur A. Tracton, 2006 by CRC Press);

CPMA 11-18-6

CAS 68611-42-7

Reddish yellow

PY163

Chromium Tungsten Titanium Buff

Chrome Tungsten Titanium Buff Rutile;
Chromium Tungsten Titanium Buff Rutile;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 163;
Meteor Orange 7383;
Meteor® Orange Buff 9385;
Pigment Yellow 163

77897

Inorganic;
Chromium Tungsten Titanium Buff Rutile (Ti,Cr,W)O2 is created by the calcining at high temperature a mixture of Titanium (IV) Oxide, Chromium (III) Oxide, and Tungsten (VI) Oxide in various ratios to produce a crystal rutile matrix. It may also include Nickel(II) oxide as a modifier. (Ref Color Index 4th edition);

Chromium Tungsten Titanium;
tungsten-chrome-III-titanium dioxide rutile;

CPMA 11-19-6

CAS 68186-92-5

A
MSDS

PY164

Manganese Antimony Titanium Buff Rutile

Antimony Manganese Buff Rutile;
Brown 10C873;
Chestnut Brown 400;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 164;
Cinnamon Brown 298;
Ferro Chestnut Brown V-10364;
Indian Brown No. 221;
Manganese Antimony;
Manganese Antimony Titanium Buff;
Manganese Antimony Titanium Buff Rutile;
Manganese Brown [GU];
Rembrandt Brown 352;
Titanium Buff Rutile;
Pigment Yellow 164

77899

Inorganic;
Manganese Antimony Titanium Buff Rutile (Ti, Mn, Sb)O2 is created by calcining at high temperature a mixture of oxides of manganese, titanium and antimony in varying amounts to create a crystalline rutile matrix. Its constitution may include one or more of the modifiers: Al2O3, Cr2O3, NiO, WO3 and/or ZnO. (Ref Color Index 4th edition);

LBNLPigment Database Spectral radiative properties;
Manganese Antimony Titanium Buff Rutile;

CPMA 11-20-6

CAS 68412-38-4

Brown

12-16

B
MSDS

PY165

Sanyo Fast Yellow F5G

C.I. Pigment Yellow 165;
Pigment Yellow 165;
Sanyo Fast Yellow F5G

Monoazo

Reddish yellow

PY166

Cromofine Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 166;
Cromofine Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 166

20035

Disazo Condensation;

CAS 76233-82-4

mid-shade yellow

PY167

Seikafast Yellow A-3

C.I. Pigment Yellow 167;
Pigment Yellow 167;
Seikafast Yellow A-3

11737

Monoazo;

CAS 38489-24-6

Bright green yellow

PY168

Azo Yellow 168

Azo Yellow;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 168;
Lionol Yellow K-5G;
Pigment Yellow 168

13960

Monoazo;

CAS 71832-85-4

Bright green yellow

50-56

PY169

Lionol Yellow K-2R

C.I. Pigment Yellow 169;
Lionol Yellow K-2R;
Pigment Yellow 169

13955

Monoazo;
CAS 73385-03-2

Reddish yellow

PY170

Pigment Yellow FRN

C.I. Pigment Yellow 170;
Lionol Yellow FR;
Permanent Yellow Orange;
Pigment Yellow FRN 170;
Pigment Yellow FRN

21104

Disazo;

CAS 31775-16-3

Reddish yellow

PY172

Lionol Yellow NBK

C.I. Pigment Yellow 172;
Lionol Yellow NBK;
Pigment Yellow 172

21109

Disazo;

CAS 76233-80-2

Bright mid-shade yellow

II-III

PY173

Isoindolinone Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 173;
Isoindolinone Yellow;
Isoindolinon Yellow [KP.p];
Pigment Yellow 173;
Sandorin Yellow 6GL

561600

Isoindolinone;

CAS 96352-23-7

Greenish yellow

A
MSDS

PY174

Irgalite Yellow LBT

C.I. Pigment Yellow 174;
Diarylide Yellow AAoT
Irgalite Yellow LBT;
Pigment Yellow 174

21098

Disazo;

CAS 78952-72-4

Bright mid-shade yellow

III

40-65

A
MSDS

Reportedly Good primary yellow, however The light fastness of pigment yellow 174 is poor, and is not recommended for permanent art work. PY174 may have use for designers where permanence is not required or books that may have limited light exposure. (Ref Industrial organic pigments, 2004)

PY175

Benzimidazolone Yellow H6G

Aureolin (hue) [LK];
Benzimidazolone Yellow;
Chrome Yellow Lemon (hue) [SCH.w];
Chrome Yellow Lemon, no lead [SCH.w];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 175;
Hostaperm Yellow H6G;
Lemon Yellow [DS.a.i.o.w | MA.a];
Lemon Yellow Hue;
Lemon Yellow Hue #1 [WN.w];
Permanent Lemon Yellow;
Permanent Yellow Lemon [MA.o.w.w];
Pigment Yellow 175;
Winsor Lemon [WN.w];

11784

Benzimidazolone;

CAS 35636-63-6

Bright light lemon yellow. greenish undertone

PY176

Diaryl Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 176;
Diaryl Yellow;
Isol Diaryl Yellow;
Permanent Yellow GRX;
Pigment Yellow 176

21103

Mixed coupling Disazo;

CAS 90268-24-9

Bright mid-shade yellow red undertone

PY179

Pigment Yellow 179

C.I. Pigment Yellow 179;
Cobalt azomethine;
Cobalt Indo Golden [GU];
Irgazin Yellow 3R;
Pigment Yellow 179

Cobalt azomethine metal complex;

CAS 63287-28-5

Reddish yellow

PY180

Benzimidazolone Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 180;
PV Fast Yellow HG;
Isoindolinone Yellow [HO.wo]

21290

Benzimidazolone disazo;

CAS 77804-81-0

Greenish yellow

1-II

PY181

Benzimidazo Golden

Benzimidazo Golden [GU];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 181;
PV Fast Yellow H3R;
Pigment Yellow 181

11777

Benzimidazolone monoazo;

CAS 74441-05-7

Very reddish orange yellow

I-II

PY182

Sandorin Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 182;
Pigment Yellow 182;
Sandorin Yellow G;
Zanderin Golden [GU]

128300

Monoazo;

CAS 67906-31-4

Bright mid-shade yellow; red undertone

PY183

Paliotol Yellow K227

C.I. Pigment Yellow 183;
Paliotol Yellow K2270;
Pigment Yellow 183;
Vynamon Yellow;

18792

Monoazo;

CAS 65212-77-3

Reddish yellow

A
MSDS

PY184

Bismuth Vanadate Yellow

Alfa yellow [KP.p];
Bismuth-Vanadate
Yellow lemon [KP.p];
Bismuth Vanadate [GU];
Bismuth Vanadate Yellow [GEN | DS.a.o.w | GO.a];
Bismuth Yellow [CAS.k | DR | MG.w | SQ.a |TA.a | WN .a.o.w];
Bismuth Yellow lemon [OH.a];
Bismuth Yellow Light [OH.a SQ.a | TA.a];
Bismuth Yellow Medium [OH.a | SQ.a | TA.a];
Bismuth Yellow Deep [SQ.a];
Bismuth-Vanadate Yellow Lemon [KP.p];
Bristol Yellow;
Cadmium Yellow Light Hue [LQ.a];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 184;
Lefranc Yellow [LB.o];
Lemon Yellow [BX.o.w];
Permanent Lemon Yellow [RT.a.o.wo];
Permanent Yellow Lemon [RT .w];
Pigment Yellow 184;
Sicopal Yellow;
Vanadium Yellow [SCH.g.w];
Vanadium Yellow Deep [SCHM.a.o];
Vanadium Yellow Light [SCHM.a.o]

771740

Bismuth Vanadium;
Bismuth orthovanadate;
Occurs in the natural minerals: Clinobisvanite, Deyerite and Pucherite;

CAS 14059-33-7

Bright light lemon yellow. greenish undertone to mid shade yellow;

†Darkens

Often used as a substitute for Cadmium Yellow Lemon

PY185

Isoindoline Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 185;
Isoindoline Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 185;
Sico Fast Yellow D

56290

Isoindoline;

CAS 76199-85-4

Bright greenish yellow

PY188

Irgalite Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 188;
Irgalite Yellow LBF;
Pigment Yellow 188

21094

Disazo;

CAS 23792-68-9

Bright greenish yellow

III

PY189

Nickel Titanate

C.I. Pigment Yellow 189;
Meteor Golden 8304;
Nickel Titanate;
Nickel Titanium Tungsten;
Nickel Titanium Tungsten Yellow Rutile;
Nickel Tungsten Yellow Rutile;
Pigment Yellow 189

77902

Inorganic;
Nickel Tungsten Yellow Rutile or Nickel titanate (with trace tungsten), is a mixed phase pigment of Titanium (IV) Oxide, Nickel (II) Oxide, and Tungsten (VI) Oxide calcined at high temperatures to create a rutile matrix with the approximate formula of (Ti,Ni,W)O2. It may have CeO2, Li20 and/or MgO as modifiers. (4th ed. CMPA Classification and Chemical Description of the Complex Inorganic Color Pigments)

CPMA 11-52-4

CAS 69011-05-8

Dull greenish yellow

* unrated by ASTM, but most other mixed phase pigments of this type have excellent light and weather fastness.
Currently used mostly in plastics. and enamels.

PY190

Palitol Yellow K1570

C.I. Pigment Yellow 190;
Palitol Yellow K1570;
Pigment Yellow 190

Monoazo

Bright mid-shade yellow

PY191

Pigment Brilliant Yellow HGR

C.I. Pigment Yellow 191;
PV Fast Yellow HGR;
Pigment Brilliant Yellow HGR;
Pigment Yellow 191;
Pyrazolone yellow HGR

18795

Monoazo;

CAS 129423-54-7

Bright mid-shade yellow

40-60

A-B*
MSDS

Good heat resistance;

* Causes severe eye irritation. Harmful if swallowed. May be harmful if inhaled. May cause irritation to skin and respiratory tract. see MSDS.

PY191:1

Cromophtal Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 191:1;
Cromophtal Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 191:1

Monoazo;

CAS 129423-54-7

Bright reddish yellow

PY192

Sandofil Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 192;
Pigment Yellow 192;
Sandofil Yellow

65412

Heterocyclic

Dull reddish yellow

PY193

Anthraquinone Yellow

Anthraquinone Yellow;
Chromofine Yellow AF-1300;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 193;
Pigment Yellow 193

65412

Anthraquinone;

CAS 70321-14-1

Dull reddish yellow

PY194

Novoperm Yellow F2G

C.I. Pigment Yellow 194;
Novoperm Yellow F2G;
Pigment Yellow 194

11785

Benzimidazolone;

CAS 82199-12-0

Bright green shade yellow

54-98

PY200

Sunglow Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 200;
Pigment Yellow 200;
Sunglow Yellow

Azo

Reddish Yellow

PY203

Arylide Yellow

Arylide Yellow;
Azo Yellow 5RX;
C.I. Pigment Yellow 203;
Pigment Yellow 203

117390

Arylide

Mid-shade yellow

PY204

Pigment Yellow 204

C.I. Pigment Yellow 204;
Pigment Yellow 204

Monoazo

Medium yellow shade

commonly used for traffic paint

PY207

Neolor Yellow

C.I. Pigment Yellow 207;
Neolor Yellow;
Pigment Yellow 207

Complex Inorganic

Medium yellow shade

PY216

Solaplex Yellow

Chrome Yellow Hue Deep [SCH.o];
Chrome Yellow Hue Middle [SCH.o];
C.I. Pigment Yellow 216;
English Yellow [UT.w];
Orange 10P320;
Pigment Yellow 216;
RTZ Orange;
Rutile Tin Zinc;
Solaplex Mid Yellow;
Solaplex Orange;
Turner's Yellow (hue) [WN.w]

Inorganic;
Spherical complex of a tin-zinc-titania compound produced by high temperature calcination;
Rutile Tin Zinc;

Clean Bright Yellow to Orange

17-22.2

A
MSDS¹

High whether, chemical and light fastness

PY219

Titanium Zinc Antimony Stannate

C.I. Pigment Yellow 219;
Pigment Yellow 219;
Titanium Zinc Antimony Stannate

Titanium Zinc Antimony Stannate

PY223

MayaCrom Yellow Y2351RS

C.I. Pigment Yellow 223;
MayaCrom Yellow Y2351RS;
Mayan Yellow [DS.w*];
Pigment Yellow 223

Patented Organic-Inorganic hybred based on the chemistry of Mayan Blue with a unique nano crystal lattice. Reference the Tech data sheet, and Patent application.;
Article about Hybred Pigments and Mayan Blue in New Journal of Chemistry 2005, 29, p.57–58 (Article Reference PDF);

Reddish Yellow

A
MSDS

"evolved from work done at the University of Texas El Paso to reconstruct the unique vibrant blue color developed by the Maya civilization more than 1000 years ago, using an inorganic and organic component to produce a highly stable hybrid pigment."
- TOR Minerals International Press release, (Ref Mayan Pigments, Inc.);

* more info on the Dan Smith PrimaTek™ artist paints and other minerals used for art pigments at the watercolor Handprint.com site here.

PY224

MayaCrom Yellow Y2300F

C.I. Pigment Yellow 224;
MayaCrom Yellow Y2300F;
Pigment Yellow 224

Patented Organic-Inorganic hybred based on the chemistry of Mayan Blue with a unique nano crystal lattice. Reference the Patent application.

A
MSDS

See above PY223
(Ref Mayan Pigments, Inc.);

PY226

MayaCrom® Yellow Y7300

C. I . Pigment Yellow 226;
MayaCrom® Yellow Y7300

A
MSDS

PY227

NTP Yellow

CI Pigment Yellow 227;
Niobium Sulfur Tin Zinc Oxide;
Niobium Tin Pyrochlore;
NTP Yellow;
Yellow 10C150 ¹;
Yellow 10C151 ²;

Niobium Tin Pyrochlore;
Niobium Sulfur Tin Zinc Oxide;

"A chromatic yellow inorganic pigment produced by high temperature calcination" (Ref);

A brand new crystal structure and a yellow color not seen in inorganic pigments before

Shepherd Color Company
patented under US Patent 8,192,541

Middle Yellow similar to a middle hue Lead Chromate

A
MSDS¹
MSDS²

Ref. from the Shepherd Color Company website:
"brand-new patented pigment technology that offers outstanding bright and opaque masstones and clean tints. It is the first high-performance alternative to have the coloristic and weathering performance to provide a viable replacement for lead chromate in wide selection of demanding applications"
"This pigment has excellent UV and visible opacity, is chemically inert, heat resistant, and stable to ultraviolet light. It is non-bleeding and non-migratory. It has exceptional durability and hiding power, and is generally used in applications where resistance to heat, light, and weather are needed."

	Yellow	Orange	Red	Violet	Blue	Green	Brown	Black	White	Misc.	Pigment Main
	Yellow	Orange	Red	Violet	Blue	Green	Brown	Black	White	Misc.	Quick Index

For Pigment Table Key Click Here or Scroll to the bottom of the page |

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PAINT AND PIGMENT REFERANCE TABLE KEY: Page Top ^

Jump to: Manufacturer Codes | Binder/Medium Codes

Color Index Name Code:
This is the official code given by the Color Index International for that particular pigment. The first 2 letters describe the general pigment color and the number is the individual pigment identifier. N/A (not applicable) means that pigment has not been given a color index name or number.

PY = Pigment Yellow;
PO = Pigment Orange;
PR = Pigment Red;
PV = Pigment Violet;
PB = Pigment Blue;
PG = Pigment Green;
PBr = Pigment Brown;
PBk = Pigment Black;
PW = Pigment White;
PM = Pigment Metal

CI (Color Index) Pigment Name:
This is the official name given in the Color Index (third edition, 1997), or the name the first manufacturer or original patent holder has given that pigment, in a few instances where neither of the previous are available, I have used the actual chemical name. Where a pigment has no color index name, I have used the traditional historic name or the mineral/chemical names.

Common, Historic and Marketing Names:
These are the various names that have been used for that pigment whether or not it is the correct usage. This is NOT an endorsement of any name but merely a collection of names that are in common usage or have been used. They have been culled (in order of importance) from paint manufacturer and supplier literature, The Color Index, Third edition (1997), Historical Books on pigments and art (see Free Art e-Books), Artist manuals and handbooks (see the bottom of the Pigment Database's main page for a complete list of reference works), various dictionaries and encyclopedias (old and new), and various web sites in particular AMIEN.org, Dick Blick Artist Supply, Handprint.com, Natural Pigments, Kama Pigments, Sinopia Pigments, PCImag.com and Kremer Pigments, along with the paint, chemical and pigment manufacture sites.
Marketing names given by paint manufacturers are often misleading, deceptive or descriptive of the color and not the actual pigment. Where there is a common historic name associated with that pigment I have used "GEN" to denote the generic common historically accepted name of that particular pigment. When a manufacturer has used a common historical name for a pigment that is not the accepted traditional historic pigment name, I have indicated it with the "(hue)" designation.

C.I. (Color Index) Pigment # (number):
These are the chemical composition number given that pigment by the Color Index International (see Colour Index Number Categories here)

Chemical Composition:
These are the basic chemical names, or mineral names along with chemical composition. Where I can fine them, I have included CAS numbers. Sometimes multiple names are given because chemical names can be stated in different ways or the pigment is a group of chemicals rather than a single one. I have not included detailed chemical descriptions or analyses but only basic information that should help you find further information. I have included references designated with "(Ref)" where further information can be attained.

Color Description:
This is a general attempt to explain the hue in plain english. The perception of color is as individual as the the people viewing it and any such description can not be completely accurate, but merely give a general idea of the what color looks like to the average person. I have not in all cases used any of the attempted means of standardizing color descriptions for this, but where the pigment is included in the Color Index International Pigments and Solvent Dyes (The Society of Dyers and colourists, third edition), I have used that description, when not, I have used other reference sources in particularly manufacturer or supplier literature.

Opacity- Transparency*:
The opacity and transparency is only a general reference, where available, i have used the Color index's designation or manufacturers literature to arrive at this figure. Many pigments exist in both transparent and opaque versions, or can be manipulated by the paint or pigment manufactures for a particular purpose. A general designation such as given will not always be the case in any particular formulation.

1 = Opaque,
2 = Semi-Opaque,
3 = Semi-Transparent,
4 = Transparent

Light Fastness Rating**:
The light fastness rating is only a general reference, where available i have used the ASTM or manufacturers literature to arrive at this figure. The ASTM has not rated all pigments, so this rating in this database will not always be the ASTM rating but a rating culled from other sources, most importantly manufactures literature. The ASTM ratings have a 5 increment scale and the blue-wool scale is 8, in this database lighfastness ratings have been condensed or averaged to a less specific 4 designations. I can can not cover every possible paint, binder, or pigment formulation in this chart as it would take too much time and space; there are so many variables as to make this designation, in this database, of only marginal use. In particular the quality of the actual pigment manufacture has much influence on a pigments fastness to light, heat and other chemicals. Additives, binder, and many other factors all have a influence on light fastness or fastness to other environmental influences. Whether a paint is watercolor, oil color, tempera, etc. has an effect on light fastness. Varnishes and other treatments to the painting surface or support can have an influence too. The only way to be sure, is to make your own tests on the paint or pigment you have. Reference the following: (ASTM D4303 - 10 opens new window); (AMIEN.org Thread - opens new window)

I = Excellent,
II = Good,
III = Poor,
IV = Fugitive/Very Poor

Oil Absorption: is in ml/100mg
The oil absorption figure has been arrived at from the pigment manufacturer's literature or artist reference sources (see the bottom of the Pigment Database's main page for a complete list of reference works).

When the specific numbers are unavailable: H = High, M = Medium, L = Low

Toxicity***:
The hazardous properties is a general designation of a possible hazard. It is assumed intelligent people will use at least ordinary care when handling all paints or pigments. The designation has been arrived at from, in most cases, the manufacturer's literature, MSDS sheets at the Oxford University Chemical Laboratory., or the City of Tucson's Environmental Management Division's searchable database of Health & Safety in the Arts. All paints and especially dry pigments can be hazardous if carelessly handled, but if handled properly with common sense all but the most dangerous can be used safely.

A = Low hazard, but do not handle carelessly;
B = Possible Hazard if improperly or carelessly handled;
C = Hazardous, use appropriate precautions for handling mildly toxic substances;
D = Extremely Toxic, only attempt working with this pigment (especially the dry form) in laboratory like conditions and with proper safety equipment (see "Prudent practices in the laboratory: handling and disposal of chemicals" at google books opens new window; or PDF format here);

Side Notes:
These are typically interesting things I have read, or information collected on a pigment that may be worth further study. They are NOT statements of absolute fact. Many pigment qualities are rumors, old wife's tales and misconceptions repeated over and over until they accepted as fact without any scientific proof. References (Ref) may be provided.

(hue) = When the word "hue" in in parenthesis (hue), it refers to a hue color not designated on the label, when the word "hue" is not in parenthesis is part of the pigment name as per ASTM guidelines.

(Ref) = A link to a reference source. This may be the source of the information I have given. or a link to more detailed information.

? = a question mark next to a name, note, or data code indicates that it may or may not be correct information due to conflicting information, questionable reference, possible typo or other discrepancies in the manufacturer or other reference documentation. Further study is needed to clarify.

†Effects of long term light exposure are given when known, this may allow an artist to anticipate color changes and possibly use them as an advantage. These effects are all relative to the pigments inherent light fastness and may take decades or even centuries in museum conditions to be visible.
Fades = Becomes more Transparent; Lightens = Loses chroma but maintains relative transparency or opaque character; Whitens = Becomes lighter and more opaque; Darkens = Becomes darker but retains hue; Dulls = Loses chroma towards neutral; Blackens = Turns very dark or black losing chroma; Hue shift = Changes hue towards a different color

Paint or Pigment Manufacturer Code & Art Medium:***** Key Top ^, Page Top^

Paint/Pigment Manufacturer Code:
(links below are to the official manufacturer web site and will open in a new window)

AS = Art Spectrum
BR = Blueridge
BX = Blockx
CAS = C.A.S AlkydPro
CH = Charvin
CL = Classic, Triangle Coatings
CR = Chroma
DS = Daniel Smith
DR = Daler-Rowney
DV = Da Vinci
DB = Dick-Blick

DG = Daniel Green
EP = Earth Pigments
GB = Gamblin
GEN = Common Generic term
GO = Golden
GR = Grumbacher
GU = Guerra Paint & Pigment
HO = Holbien
JO = Jo Sonja
KA = Kama Pigments
KP = Kremer Pigmente (USA site)

LB = Lefranc & Bourgeois
LA = Lascaux
LQ = Liquitex
LK = Lukas
MA = Maimeri
MT = Matisse
MG = M. Graham
MH = Michael Harding
MR = MIR , Jaurena Art.

MW = Martin/F. Weber Co.
NP = Natural Pigments
OH = Old Holland
PF = Pebeo Fragonard
RF = R&F Handmade Paint
RGH = RGH Artists' Oil Paints
RT = Royal Talens
SH = Shinhan
SV = Shiva

SE = Sennelier
SI = Sinopia
SCH = Schmincke
SCHM = Schmincke Resin Oils (Mussini)
SQ = Steven Quiller
TA = Tri-Art
UT = Utrecht
WL = Williamsburg
WN = Windsor & Newton
YK = Yarka / St.Petersburg

Art medium or binder code: Key Top ^, Page Top^

Clicking on the paint or pigment manufacturer code next to the pigment name will take you off site where more information can be found. The link will most often take you to an art supplier where you can find more specific art medium or paint binder info, purchasing source, pigment properties, pigment history, MSDS sheets, and whether it is the artist premium or student economy grade.

d in italics next to the pigment manufacturer or art supplier code indicates a discontinued pigment or paint.
All art medium or binder codes in italics mean the pigment under that name is in the "student" or economy grade, not the "artist's" grade paint.

a = Acrylic Paint;
ad = Aqueous pigment dispersions;
af = Fluid Acylics or Airbrush Colors;
ag = Acrylic Gouache or Matte Acrylic Paints;
av = Acrylic Vinyl Paints;
k = Alkyd paints;
c = Casein or milk paint;
e = Encaustic paints;
g = Gouache;
i = Ink (printing ink or pigmented drawing inks);
o = Oil Paint;
os = Oil sticks, Oil Bars, Oil Base Pigment Sticks;
p = Dry Pigment;
t = Tempera or Egg Tempera;
w = Watercolor Paint;
ws = Watercolor sticks, Watercolor Base Pigment Sticks or Bars;
wo = Water mixable oil paint or water soluble oil paint.

Other than gouache, only single pigment paints and pigments are included. Gouache is designated distinct from watercolors because it is often mixed with white or additives to make it matte and/or opaque and that is not usually indicated on the paint manufactures literature. Clicking on the art medium code will give you more specific paint binder information. Clicking on the art supplier's artistic medium code will also take you to more information on the paint pigment that may include: whether it is the "artists" premium or "student" grade, MSDS sheets, pigment history and additional artist paints or pigments hazard & environmental information.
Other art material or medium forms such as pastel, oil pastels, dyes and ceramic glazes will not be designated with a artists medium or binder code, but may still be listed under the pigment name with a company code.

+++++In all cases clicking on the art medium/binder code will take you off site to where you can find more information and-or a purchasing source. If you find this site helpful you can help support this site by purchasing through these links. Thanks, and I hope I can continue to make this information available and current. The above links in this key are to the actual manufactures official sites.

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Artist Reference Resources:

Natural Pigments, Pigments, Education, The Best source of Natural and Historical Pigments
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The Color of Art Pigment Database Reference of artist paint and dry pigments, pigment powders, and pigment dispersions it is a complete resource on color for acylic, watercolor, oil color, oil paint, alkyds, inks, egg temera, casein and gouache for assisting in the artistic creation of artists. The Color of Art Pigment Database Reference includes Artist's paint Color Index Names and Color Index Chemical Constitution Numbers along with MSDS sheets, light fastness ratings, oil absorption, and other reference information on artist pigments used for painting, crafts, graphic design, decorating, illustration or any medium that uses color in thier art work or craft.

This page of the Color of Art Pigment Database is for CI Pigment yellow, Color Index code PY. is a complete artist's reference, with color Index names and specifications for artist's pigments and paint. The Art is Creation, Color of Art Pigment Database Reference has resources and info for artist paint, student paints, Oilcolor, Oil Paints, Watercolors, Aqueous Pigment Dispersions, Fluid Acylics, Airbrush Paint, Acrylic Gouache, Matte Acrylic Paints, Acrylic Vinyl, Acrylics, Alkyd Oils, Casein or Milk Paint, Encaustic, Gouache, Printing Inks or Pigmented Drawing inks, Oil sticks, Oil Bars, Oil Base Pigment Sticks, Dry Pigments and Powders, Tempera or Egg Tempera, Watercolor Sticks, Watercolor Base Pigment Sticks or Bars, and Water mixable oil paint or water soluble oil paint.

© 2010 by David Myers